| Neuropathology of the area postrema in sudden intrauterine and infant death syndromes related to tobacco smoke exposure. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21982783 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The area postrema is a densely vascularized small protuberance at the inferoposterior limit of the fourth ventricle, outside of the blood-brain barrier. This structure, besides to induce emetic reflex in the presence of noxious chemical stimulation, has a multifunctional integrative capacity to send major and minor efferents to a variety of brain centers particularly involved in autonomic control of the cardiovascular and respiratory activities. In this study we aimed to focus on the area postrema, which is so far little studied in humans, in a large sample of subjects aged from 25 gestational weeks to 10 postnatal months, who died of unknown (sudden unexplained perinatal and infant deaths) and known causes (controls). Besides we investigated a possible link between alterations of this structure, sudden unexplained fetal and infant deaths and maternal smoking. By the application of morphological and immunohistochemical methods, we observed a significantly high incidence of alterations of the area postrema in fetal and infant victims of sudden death as compared with age-matched controls. These pathological findings, including hypoplasia, lack of vascularization, cystic formations and reactive gliosis, were related to maternal smoking. We hypothesize that components from maternal cigarette smoke, particularly in pregnancy, could affect neurons of the area postrema connected with specific nervous centers involved in the control of vital functions. In conclusion, we suggest that the area postrema should be in depth examined particularly in victims of sudden fetal or infant death with smoker mothers. |
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Authors:
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Anna Maria Lavezzi; Donatella Mecchia; Luigi Matturri |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-10-6 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical Volume: - ISSN: 1872-7484 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Oct |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-10-10 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 100909359 Medline TA: Auton Neurosci Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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