| Neuronal mechanisms underlying development of nicotine dependence: implications for novel smoking-cessation treatments. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22003417 Owner: NLM Status: In-Data-Review |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Tobacco smoking causes high rates of mortality and morbidity throughout the world. Despite the availability of smoking-cessation medications, maintenance of long-term abstinence is difficult, and most individuals who attempt to quit smoking relapse. Although tobacco smoke contains many substances, researchers and policymakers agree that nicotine is a major cause of tobacco dependence. Understanding the neural substrates of nicotine dependence is essential for the development of more effective antismoking medications than those currently available. This article focuses on the neural substrates, especially nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, that mediate the reinforcing effects of nicotine and the development of nicotine dependence. Neuroadaptations in the function of the neurotransmitters dopamine, glutamate, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which have been shown to be critically involved in nicotine dependence, are also reviewed. Finally, the article discusses progress in the discovery and development of smoking-cessation medications. |
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Authors:
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Manoranjan S D'Souza; Athina Markou |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Addiction science & clinical practice Volume: 6 ISSN: 1940-0640 ISO Abbreviation: Addict Sci Clin Pract Publication Date: 2011 Jul |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-10-17 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101316917 Medline TA: Addict Sci Clin Pract Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 4-16 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Psychiatry School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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