Document Detail


Neurohormonal consequences of diuretics in different cardiovascular syndromes.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  1362543     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Diuretics have long been used to lower blood pressure in hypertensive patients or to control body fluid and electrolyte homeostasis in diseases such as congestive heart failure, chronic renal failure or cirrhosis. The initial response to diuretics is a negative sodium and fluid balance. The diuretic-induced loss of salt and water activates several hormonal systems such as vasopressin, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system or the sympathetic nervous system which tend to compensate for the changes in sodium and water balance. This neurohormonal response may have important clinical implications. Thus, the activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone cascade appears to be partially responsible for the flat dose-blood pressure response curve of thiazides in hypertensive patients. It may also be responsible for the difference between responders and non-responders to diuretic therapy and for the development of side-effects such as hypokalaemia, metabolic alkalosis or hyponatraemia. There are several ways to prevent the undesirable consequences of the neurohormonal responses to diuretics. The first is to use low doses of these agents. It is also possible to combine them with agents that block the activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system such as ACE inhibitors or in combination with drugs that reduce aldosterone secretion such as calcium antagonists. The development of drugs able to enhance urinary sodium excretion and to reduce simultaneously the activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system may offer a new interesting alternative. This might perhaps be achieved in the future with the administration of neutral endopeptidase inhibitors which interfere with the enzymatic degradation of atrial natriuretic peptide.
Authors:
M Burnier; H R Brunner
Related Documents :
20460373 - Epithelial na+ channel (enac), hormones, and hypertension.
3521953 - Diurnal patterns of blood pressure, heart rate and vasoactive hormones in normal man.
1537103 - Syncope associated with supraventricular tachycardia. an expression of tachycardia rate...
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review    
Journal Detail:
Title:  European heart journal     Volume:  13 Suppl G     ISSN:  0195-668X     ISO Abbreviation:  Eur. Heart J.     Publication Date:  1992 Dec 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  1993-02-22     Completed Date:  1993-02-22     Revised Date:  2006-11-15    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  8006263     Medline TA:  Eur Heart J     Country:  ENGLAND    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  28-33     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Division of Hypertension, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Export Citation:
APA/MLA Format     Download EndNote     Download BibTex
MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Animals
Cardiovascular Diseases / drug therapy*,  physiopathology
Diuretics / adverse effects,  therapeutic use*
Humans
Hypertension / drug therapy,  physiopathology
Neurotransmitter Agents / physiology*
Renin-Angiotensin System / drug effects
Water-Electrolyte Balance / drug effects
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Diuretics; 0/Neurotransmitter Agents

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


Previous Document:  Where now the diuretics in antihypertensive treatment?
Next Document:  Inhibitory effects of excitatory amino acids on pyramidal cells of the in vitro turtle medial cortex...