| Neonatal neurobehavior effects following buprenorphine versus methadone exposure. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 23106928 Owner: NLM Status: In-Data-Review |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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AIM: To determine the effects of in utero exposure to methadone or buprenorphine on infant neurobehavior. DESIGN: Three sites from the Maternal Opioid Treatment: Human Experimental Research (MOTHER) study, a double-blind, double-dummy, randomized clinical trial participated in this substudy. SETTING: Medical Centers that provided comprehensive maternal care to opioid-dependent pregnant women in Baltimore, MD, Providence, RI and Vienna, Austria. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-nine full-term infants. MEASUREMENTS: The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) Network Neurobehavioral Scale (NNNS) was administered to a subgroup of infants on postpartum days 3, 5, 7, 10, 14-15 and 28-30. FINDINGS: While neurobehavior improved for both medication conditions over time, infants exposed in utero to buprenorphine exhibited fewer stress-abstinence signs (P < 0.001), were less excitable (P < 0.001) and less over-aroused (P < 0.01), exhibited less hypertonia (P < 0.007), had better self-regulation (P < 0.04) and required less handling (P < 0.001) to maintain a quiet alert state relative to in utero methadone-exposed infants. Infants who were older when they began morphine treatment for withdrawal had higher self-regulation scores (P < 0.01), and demonstrated the least amount of excitability (P < 0.02) and hypertonia (P < 0.02) on average. Quality of movement was correlated negatively with peak NAS score (P < 0.01), number of days treated with morphine for NAS (P < 0.01) and total amount of morphine received (P < 0.03). Excitability scores were related positively to total morphine dose (P < 0.03). CONCLUSION: While neurobehavior improves during the first month of postnatal life for in utero agonist medication-exposed neonates, buprenorphine exposure results in superior neurobehavioral scores and less severe withdrawal than does methadone exposure. |
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Authors:
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Mara G Coyle; Amy L Salisbury; Barry M Lester; Hendrée E Jones; Hai Lin; Klaudia Graf-Rohrmeister; Gabriele Fischer |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Addiction (Abingdon, England) Volume: 107 Suppl 1 ISSN: 1360-0443 ISO Abbreviation: Addiction Publication Date: 2012 Nov |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-10-30 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9304118 Medline TA: Addiction Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 63-73 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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© 2012 The Authors, Addiction © 2012 Society for the Study of Addiction. |
Affiliation:
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Department of Pediatrics, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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