| Negligible penetration of incidental amounts of alpha-hydroxy acid from rinse-off personal care products in human skin using an in vitro static diffusion cell model. | |
| | |
MedLine Citation:
|
PMID: 21871557 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
|
Alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs), primarily glycolic and lactic acids, are widely used in cosmetics to alleviate dyspigmentation, photodamage, and other aging skin conditions and as pH adjusters. Glycolic acid reportedly enhances skin damage after repeated ultraviolet light exposure, e.g., increased sunburn cell formation. This study assessed potential in vitro skin penetration of lactic acid and malic acid incorporated into rinse-off personal care products, compared with rinse-off and leave-on exposures to glycolic acid (10%, pH3.5) in a reference lotion. Radiolabeled AHA-fortified shampoo, conditioner, and lotion were evenly applied as single doses to human epidermal membranes mounted in static diffusion cells (not occluded). Exposures were 1-3min (rinse-off) or 24h (leave-on). Epidermal penetration of malic acid and lactic acid from the rinse-off shampoo and conditioner, respectively, was negligible, with >99% removed by rinsing, a negligible portion remaining in the stratum corneum (⩽0.15%), and even less penetrating into the viable epidermis (⩽0.04%). Glycolic acid penetration from the leave-on reference lotion was 1.42μgequiv./cm(2)/h, with total absorbable dose recovery (receptor fluid plus epidermis) of 2.51%, compared to 0.009%, 0.003%, and 0.04% for the rinse-off reference lotion, shampoo (malic acid), and conditioner (lactic acid) exposures, respectively. Dermal penetration of AHAs into human skin is pH-, concentration-, and time-dependent. Alpha-hydroxy acids in rinse-off shampoos and conditioners are almost entirely removed from the skin within minutes by rinsing (resulting in negligible epidermal penetration). This suggests that ultraviolet radiation-induced skin effects of AHA-containing rinse-off products are negligible. |
| | |
Authors:
|
M Okuda; D A Donahue; L E Kaufman; J Avalos; F A Simion; D C Story; H Sakaguchi; R Fautz; A Fuchs |
Related Documents
:
|
2084707 - The role of low-dose pala in biochemical modulation. 9224937 - Ribonuclease t1 is active when both catalytic histidines are replaced by aspartate. 10736367 - Glutamate, at the interface between amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism. 8869557 - Kinetic analysis of glutamate transport by the miniswine choroid plexus in vitro. 11572397 - Effect of mobile phase acidic additives on enantioselectivity for phenylalanine analogs. 12223747 - Evidence that a malate/inorganic phosphate exchange translocator imports carbon across ... |
Publication Detail:
|
Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-8-18 |
Journal Detail:
|
Title: Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA Volume: - ISSN: 1879-3177 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Aug |
Date Detail:
|
Created Date: 2011-8-29 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
|
Nlm Unique ID: 8712158 Medline TA: Toxicol In Vitro Country: - |
Other Details:
|
Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Copyright Information:
|
Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
|
Kao Corporation, 2606 Akabane, Ichikai-Machi, Haga-Gun, Tochigi 321-3497, Japan. |
Export Citation:
|
APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
|
|
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
Previous Document: Fe- and Zn-induced inhibition of Cd uptake in human lung cell lines: Speciation studies with H441 an...
Next Document: Feasibility study of the zebrafish assay as an alternative method to screen for developmental toxici...