Document Detail


Naltrexone for the treatment of alcoholism: clinical findings, mechanisms of action, and pharmacogenetics.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  20201811     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Naltrexone is an opioid receptor antagonist with established efficacy, albeit moderate, for the treatment of alcohol dependence. This manuscript provides a critical review of the literature on naltrexone as a pharmacotherapy for alcoholism by covering the following areas: (a) clinical findings from treatment studies; (b) pharmacokinetics and safety data; (c) medication compliance and persistence; and (d) neurobiological and biobehavioral mechanisms of action of naltrexone for the indication of alcohol dependence. This review will then focus on the emerging literature on naltrexone pharmacogenetics, which has the potential to identify responders on the basis of genetic variation and to use genetic tools to individualize the use of this medication. Limitations and future directions in the research and practice of naltrexone for alcoholism are also outlined.
Authors:
Lara A Ray; Pauline F Chin; Karen Miotto
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review    
Journal Detail:
Title:  CNS & neurological disorders drug targets     Volume:  9     ISSN:  1996-3181     ISO Abbreviation:  CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets     Publication Date:  2010 Mar 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2010-03-05     Completed Date:  2010-06-14     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  101269155     Medline TA:  CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets     Country:  United Arab Emirates    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  13-22     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, CA 90095-1563, USA. lararay@psych.ucla.edu
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Nervous System / drug therapy*,  genetics,  physiopathology
Alcoholism / drug therapy*,  genetics,  physiopathology
Brain / drug effects,  metabolism,  physiopathology
Brain Chemistry / drug effects,  genetics
Genetic Predisposition to Disease / genetics
Humans
Naltrexone / pharmacology*,  therapeutic use*
Narcotic Antagonists / pharmacology,  therapeutic use
Receptors, Opioid, mu / drug effects,  genetics,  metabolism
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Narcotic Antagonists; 0/OPRM1 protein, human; 0/Receptors, Opioid, mu; 16590-41-3/Naltrexone

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