| Mortality of Rocky Mountain elk in Michigan due to meningeal worm. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 15827219 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Mortality from cerebrospinal parelaphostrongylosis caused by the meningeal worm (Parelaphostrongylus tenuis) has been hypothesized to limit elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) populations in areas where elk are conspecific with white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Elk were reintroduced into Michigan (USA) in the early 1900s and subsequently greatly increased population size and distribution despite sympatric high-density (>or=12/km2) white-tailed deer populations. We monitored 100 radio-collared elk of all age and sex classes from 1981-94, during which time we documented 76 mortalities. Meningeal worm was a minor mortality factor for elk in Michigan and accounted for only 3% of mortalities, fewer than legal harvest (58%), illegal kills (22%), other diseases (7%), and malnutrition (4%). Across years, annual cause-specific mortality rates due to cerebrospinal parelaphostrongylosis were 0.033 (SE=0.006), 0.029 (SE=0.005), 0.000 (SE=0.000), and 0.000 (SE=0.000) for calves, 1-yr-old, 2-yr-old, and >or=3-yr-old, respectively. The overall population-level mortality rate due to cerebrospinal parelaphostrongylosis was 0.009 (SE=0.001). Thus, meningeal worm had little impact on elk in Michigan during our study despite greater than normal precipitation (favoring gastropods) and record (>or=14 km2) deer densities. Further, elk in Michigan have shown sustained population rates-of-increase of >or=18%/yr and among the highest levels of juvenile production and survival recorded for elk in North America, indicating that elk can persist in areas with meningeal worm at high levels of population productivity. It is likely that local ecologic characteristics among elk, white-tailed deer, and gastropods, and degree of exposure, age of elk, individual and population experience with meningeal worm, overall population vigor, and moisture determine the effects of meningeal worm on elk populations. |
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Authors:
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Louis C Bender; Stephen M Schmitt; Elaine Carlson; Jonathan B Haufler; Dean E Beyer |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of wildlife diseases Volume: 41 ISSN: 0090-3558 ISO Abbreviation: J. Wildl. Dis. Publication Date: 2005 Jan |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2005-04-13 Completed Date: 2005-08-09 Revised Date: 2006-11-15 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0244160 Medline TA: J Wildl Dis Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 134-40 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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U.S. Geological Survey, New Mexico Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, PO Box 30003 MSC 4901, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA. lbender@nmsu.edu |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Age Distribution Animals Cause of Death Conservation of Natural Resources Deer* Female Male Metastrongyloidea / isolation & purification*, pathogenicity Michigan / epidemiology Strongylida Infections / epidemiology, mortality, veterinary* |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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