| Morphology of the small intestinal mucosal surface of broilers in relation to age, diet formulation, small intestinal microflora and performance. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 15115199 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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1. Three experiments were performed to relate morphological characteristics of the small intestinal mucosal surface to age, dietary factors, small intenstinal microflora and performance of broilers. Characterisation of the small intestinal mucosal surface using a dissecting microscope was based on the orientation of the villi, villus shape and the presence of convoluted villi. 2. In Trial 1, the morphological changes of the mucosal surface were studied weekly in the period from 7 to 28 d of age. At d 7 mainly tongue- and leaf-shaped villi together with some ridge-shaped ones were observed in the middle section of the small intestine, displaying a regular zigzag pattern on 53% of the mucosal surface. During the period from d 7 to 14, the area with ridge-shaped villi increased from 7 to 63% and did not change significantly over the next 2 weeks. 3. In Trial 2, three protein sources, soy isolate (SI), wheat gluten (WG), hydrolysed wheat gluten (HWG) and SI with added L-glutamine (SI + Gln), were studied with respect to their effect as dietary components on villus morphology in the mid-small intestine and performance. Diets were fed with (0 to 14 d) and without pectin (14 to 21 d). Feed conversion ratio on the HWG diet improved in comparison to the native WG diet. During the period 0 to 14 d of age the mucosal area with zigzag-oriented villi increased when the pectin diet was supplemented with Gln. Moreover, weight gain of birds fed the SI + Gln diet increased in the period 41 to 21 d. 4. In Trial 3, a study was made of the morphological response of the villi to a stimulation of microbial activity in the digesta after addition of highly methylated pectin to the soybean meal (SBM) diet. This was performed with and without inoculation of a non-virulent Salmonella typhimurium on d 7. By d 21 the birds fed the pectin diet showed impaired weight gain and higher feed conversion. The pectin affected the mucosal surface by decreasing the area with the zigzag pattern and increasing the area with convoluted, mainly ridge-shaped villi. The Salmonella typhimurium infection increased the effects of pectin on performance and mucosal morphology. |
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Authors:
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P van Leeuwen; J M V M Mouwen; J D van der Klis; M W A Verstegen |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: British poultry science Volume: 45 ISSN: 0007-1668 ISO Abbreviation: Br. Poult. Sci. Publication Date: 2004 Feb |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2004-04-29 Completed Date: 2004-07-29 Revised Date: 2008-11-21 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 15740290R Medline TA: Br Poult Sci Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 41-8 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Animal Sciences Group of Wageningen, UR, Lelystad, Utrecht University, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Utrecht, the Netherlands. piet.vanleeuwen@wur.nl |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animal Feed* Animals Body Weight / physiology Chickens / anatomy & histology* Glutens / metabolism Intestinal Mucosa / microbiology, ultrastructure* Intestine, Small / anatomy & histology*, microbiology Male Pectins / metabolism Poultry Diseases / microbiology, pathology* Salmonella Infections, Animal / microbiology, pathology* Salmonella typhimurium* Soybeans / metabolism |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Pectins; 8002-80-0/Glutens; 9000-69-5/pectin |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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