| Molecular insight into lignocellulose digestion by a marine isopod in the absence of gut microbes. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20212162 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The digestion of lignocellulose is attracting attention both in terms of basic research into its metabolism by microorganisms and animals, and also as a means of converting plant biomass into biofuels. Limnoriid wood borers are unusual because, unlike other wood-feeding animals, they do not rely on symbiotic microbes to help digest lignocellulose. The absence of microbes in the digestive tract suggests that limnoriid wood borers produce all the enzymes necessary for lignocellulose digestion themselves. In this study we report that analysis of ESTs from the digestive system of Limnoria quadripunctata reveals a transcriptome dominated by glycosyl hydrolase genes. Indeed, > 20% of all ESTs represent genes encoding putative cellulases, including glycosyl hydrolase family 7 (GH7) cellobiohydrolases. These have not previously been reported in animal genomes, but are key digestive enzymes produced by wood-degrading fungi and symbiotic protists in termite guts. We propose that limnoriid GH7 genes are important for the efficient digestion of lignocellulose in the absence of gut microbes. Hemocyanin transcripts were highly abundant in the hepatopancreas transcriptome. Based on recent studies indicating that these proteins may function as phenoloxidases in isopods, we discuss a possible role for hemocyanins in lignin decomposition. |
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Authors:
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Andrew J King; Simon M Cragg; Yi Li; Jo Dymond; Matthew J Guille; Dianna J Bowles; Neil C Bruce; Ian A Graham; Simon J McQueen-Mason |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2010-03-08 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Volume: 107 ISSN: 1091-6490 ISO Abbreviation: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. Publication Date: 2010 Mar |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-03-24 Completed Date: 2010-04-16 Revised Date: 2010-09-24 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7505876 Medline TA: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 5345-50 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, PO Box 374, York YO10 5YW, UK. |
| Data Bank Information | |
Bank Name/Acc. No.:
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GENBANK/FJ940756; FJ940757; FJ940758; FJ940759; FJ940760; FJ940761; GU066826; GU066827; GU066828; GU166295; GU166296; GU166297; GU166298 |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Biomass Catechol Oxidase / genetics, metabolism Cellulases / genetics, metabolism Ecosystem Enzyme Precursors / genetics, metabolism Expressed Sequence Tags Gastrointestinal Tract / metabolism, microbiology Gene Expression Profiling Glycoside Hydrolases / genetics, metabolism Hemocyanin / genetics, metabolism Hepatopancreas / metabolism Isopoda / anatomy & histology, genetics*, metabolism*, microbiology Lignin / metabolism* Microscopy, Electron, Scanning Molecular Sequence Data Phylogeny Wood |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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BB/G016178/1//Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Enzyme Precursors; 11132-73-3/lignocellulose; 9005-53-2/Lignin; 9013-72-3/Hemocyanin; EC 1.10.3.-/pro-phenoloxidase; EC 1.10.3.1/Catechol Oxidase; EC 3.2.1.-/Cellulases; EC 3.2.1.-/Glycoside Hydrolases |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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