| Modes of retrotransposition of long interspersed element-1 by environmental factors. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22666219 Owner: NLM Status: In-Data-Review |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Approximately 42% of the human genome is composed of endogenous retroelements, and the major retroelement component, long interspersed element-1 (L1), comprises ∼17% of the total genome. A single human cell has more than 5 × 10(5) copies of L1, 80∼100 copies of which are competent for retrotransposition (RTP). Notably, L1 can induce RTP of other retroelements, such as Alu and SVA, and is believed to function as a driving force of evolution. Although L1-RTP during early embryogenesis has been highlighted in the literature, recent observations revealed that L1-RTP also occurs in somatic cells. However, little is known about how environmental factors induce L1-RTP. Here, we summarize our current understanding of the mechanism of L1-RTP in somatic cells. We have focused on the mode of L1-RTP that is dependent on the basic helix-loop-helix/per-arnt-sim (bHLH/PAS) family of transcription factors. Along with the proposed function of bHLH/PAS proteins in environmental adaptation, we discuss the functional linking of L1-RTP and bHLH/PAS proteins for environmental adaptation and evolution. |
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Authors:
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Yukihito Ishizaka; Noriyuki Okudaira; Masato Tamura; Kenta Iijima; Mari Shimura; Motohito Goto; Tadashi Okamura |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article Date: 2012-05-31 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Frontiers in microbiology Volume: 3 ISSN: 1664-302X ISO Abbreviation: Front Microbiol Publication Date: 2012 |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-06-05 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101548977 Medline TA: Front Microbiol Country: Switzerland |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 191 Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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Department of Intractable Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Tokyo, Japan. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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