Document Detail


Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling of the antiretroviral activity of the CCR5 antagonist Vicriviroc in treatment experienced HIV-infected subjects (ACTG protocol 5211).
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  20071999     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
OBJECTIVE: This substudy of AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) Protocol 5211 explored the relationship between antiretroviral effect and plasma concentrations of vicriviroc, an investigational CCR5 antagonist for HIV infection.
METHODS: Eighty-six treatment-experienced subjects failing their current antiretroviral regimens were randomized to add vicriviroc 5, 10, or 15 mg once daily or placebo for 2 weeks. Beyond week 2, subjects were changed to optimized background antiretroviral treatment while continuing vicriviroc or placebo. Plasma samples collected at weeks 2 and 8 were assayed for vicriviroc concentrations and combined with vicriviroc concentration data from 110 seronegatives enrolled in 5 phase 1 studies. An inhibitory Emax model was used to assess pharmacokinetic (PK)/pharmacodynamic relationships and recursive partitioning was applied to determine the breakpoint in vicriviroc PK parameters associated with virologic suppression.
RESULTS: A 2-compartment model was fitted to the drug concentration data. At week 2, a higher vicriviroc Cmin was associated with a greater mean drop in HIV RNA (viral load) and a higher percentage of subjects experiencing a >1 log10 copies/mL drop in viral load. In subjects with Cmin > 54 ng/mL, the mean viral load decrease was 1.35 log10 copies/mL vs. 0.76 log10 with Cmin < 54 ng/mL (P = 0.003, Student t test). At this Cmin breakpoint, 70% of subjects with the higher Cmin had a >1 log drop in HIV RNA, compared with 44% with a lower Cmin (P = 0.048, Fisher exact test). Similar results were seen with an area under the curve breakpoint of 1460 ng h/mL. At weeks 16 and 24, all vicriviroc-treated subjects experienced better viral load responses than placebo recipients, but there was no apparent relationship between PK and change in viral load among these vicriviroc-treated subjects.
CONCLUSIONS: There was a positive correlation between vicriviroc Cmin, area under the curve, and viral load changes at week 2 in treatment-experienced HIV-infected subjects receiving no other new active antiretroviral drugs. This correlation did not persist beyond week 16, probably because treatment response at that point also depended on having other active drugs in the regimen.
Authors:
Keith W Crawford; Chonghua Li; Anther Keung; Zhaohui Su; Michael D Hughes; Wayne Greaves; Daniel Kuritzkes; Roy Gulick; Charles Flexner;
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)     Volume:  53     ISSN:  1944-7884     ISO Abbreviation:  J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr.     Publication Date:  2010 Apr 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2010-03-25     Completed Date:  2010-04-22     Revised Date:  2013-05-31    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  100892005     Medline TA:  J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  598-605     Citation Subset:  IM; X    
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. kwcrawford@jhmi.edu
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Anti-HIV Agents / blood,  pharmacokinetics,  pharmacology*,  therapeutic use
Area Under Curve
Double-Blind Method
Female
HIV / immunology*
HIV Infections / blood,  drug therapy*,  immunology,  virology
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Nonlinear Dynamics
Piperazines / blood,  pharmacokinetics,  pharmacology*,  therapeutic use
Pyrimidines / blood,  pharmacokinetics,  pharmacology*,  therapeutic use
RNA, Viral / blood
Receptors, CCR5 / antagonists & inhibitors*
Young Adult
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
AI-51966/AI/NIAID NIH HHS; AI-68636/AI/NIAID NIH HHS; AI-69419/AI/NIAID NIH HHS; AI-69465/AI/NIAID NIH HHS; AI68634/AI/NIAID NIH HHS; K24 AI051966-01A1/AI/NIAID NIH HHS; U01 AI068634/AI/NIAID NIH HHS; U01 AI068634-01/AI/NIAID NIH HHS
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Anti-HIV Agents; 0/Piperazines; 0/Pyrimidines; 0/RNA, Viral; 0/Receptors, CCR5; TL515DW4QS/vicriviroc
Comments/Corrections

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