| Mitochondrial function and toxicity: role of the B vitamin family on mitochondrial energy metabolism. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 16765926 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The B vitamins are water-soluble vitamins required as coenzymes for enzymes essential for cell function. This review focuses on their essential role in maintaining mitochondrial function and on how mitochondria are compromised by a deficiency of any B vitamin. Thiamin (B1) is essential for the oxidative decarboxylation of the multienzyme branched-chain ketoacid dehydrogenase complexes of the citric acid cycle. Riboflavin (B2) is required for the flavoenzymes of the respiratory chain, while NADH is synthesized from niacin (B3) and is required to supply protons for oxidative phosphorylation. Pantothenic acid (B5) is required for coenzyme A formation and is also essential for alpha-ketoglutarate and pyruvate dehydrogenase complexes as well as fatty acid oxidation. Biotin (B7) is the coenzyme of decarboxylases required for gluconeogenesis and fatty acid oxidation. Pyridoxal (B6), folate and cobalamin (B12) properties are reviewed elsewhere in this issue. The experimental animal and clinical evidence that vitamin B therapy alleviates B deficiency symptoms and prevents mitochondrial toxicity is also reviewed. The effectiveness of B vitamins as antioxidants preventing oxidative stress toxicity is also reviewed. |
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Authors:
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Flore Depeint; W Robert Bruce; Nandita Shangari; Rhea Mehta; Peter J O'Brien |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review Date: 2006-05-01 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Chemico-biological interactions Volume: 163 ISSN: 0009-2797 ISO Abbreviation: Chem. Biol. Interact. Publication Date: 2006 Oct |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2006-10-23 Completed Date: 2006-12-19 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0227276 Medline TA: Chem Biol Interact Country: Ireland |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 94-112 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Canada. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Biotin / administration & dosage, metabolism Energy Metabolism / physiology Humans Mitochondria / drug effects, metabolism* Niacin / administration & dosage, metabolism Oxidative Stress / physiology Pantothenic Acid / administration & dosage, metabolism Riboflavin / administration & dosage, metabolism Thiamine / administration & dosage, metabolism Vitamin B Complex / administration & dosage, metabolism* Vitamin B Deficiency / metabolism |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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12001-76-2/Vitamin B Complex; 58-85-5/Biotin; 59-43-8/Thiamine; 59-67-6/Niacin; 79-83-4/Pantothenic Acid; 83-88-5/Riboflavin |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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