| Mitochondrial Function and Insulin Resistance during Aging - A Mini-Review. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20798481 Owner: NLM Status: In-Data-Review |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Background: Insulin resistance, i.e. impaired insulin sensitivity, and type 2 diabetes are more prevalent in elderly humans. Both conditions relate to lower aerobic performance and increased body fatness, which have been linked to reduced mitochondrial oxidative capacity. Thus, lower insulin sensitivity in the elderly could result from age-related diminished energy metabolism or from lifestyle-related abnormalities. Objective: This review addresses the question whether insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial oxidative capacity are independently affected during aging and type 2 diabetes. Methods: Only studies were analyzed which included elderly persons and employed state-of-the-art methodology to assess insulin sensitivity and oxidative capacity, e.g. electron microscopic imaging, in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy or ex vivo high-resolution respirometry. Results: Humans with or at risk of type 2 diabetes frequently exhibit insulin resistance along with structural and functional abnormalities of muscular mitochondria. Low mitochondrial oxidative capacity causes muscular fat accumulation, which impedes insulin signaling via lipid intermediates, in turn affecting oxidative capacity. However, insulin sensitivity is not generally reduced with age, when groups are carefully matched for physical activity and body fatness. Moreover, lifestyle intervention studies revealed discordant responses of mitochondrial oxidative capacity and insulin sensitivity. Conclusions: In the elderly, low mitochondrial oxidative capacity likely results from age-related effects acquired during life span. Insulin resistance occurs independently of age mostly due to unhealthy lifestyle on top of genetic predisposition. Thus, insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial function may not be causally related, but mutually amplify each other during aging. |
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Authors:
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Esther Phielix; Julia Szendroedi; Michael Roden |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article Date: 2010-08-28 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Gerontology Volume: 57 ISSN: 1423-0003 ISO Abbreviation: Gerontology Publication Date: 2011 |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-09-06 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7601655 Medline TA: Gerontology Country: Switzerland |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 387-96 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright © 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel. |
Affiliation:
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Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Düsseldorf, Germany. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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