| Microtox testing of pentachlorophenol in soil extracts and quantification by capillary electrochromatography (CEC)--a rapid screening approach for contaminated land. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 10705537 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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An approach to rapid soil testing which involved the use of simple solvent extraction methods was developed. The analytes of interest were priority pollutants of low water solubility which could not be readily removed from the soil using water. Direct toxicity testing of the soil samples by Microtox showed a high background toxicity which prevented realistic toxicity data from being obtained for the contaminants present. A range of different extraction solutions was used in an attempt to extract the contaminants while eliminating the matrix effects of the soil. It was necessary that the solvents selected for extraction of the soil samples were not of significant toxicity, as this could potentially mask the toxic effects of any compounds extracted from the soil. The extraction efficiencies of solvent systems were evaluated using pentachlorophenol (PCP) as a model compound of known toxicity in the Microtox assay. A rapid and cost-effective method was developed in order to determine the amount of PCP recovered from the soil by the extraction solvents employed. This method consisted of a solid phase extraction (SPE) step followed by quantification using capillary electrochromatography (CEC). Recoveries were greater when a higher proportion of organic solvent (methanol) was used in the extraction process, and lowest when water was used. An extraction based on water could provide information on the potential for leaching of contaminants from the soil into nearby water bodies in an environmental setting. An organic solvent extraction method could indicate how much toxicity soil-dependent organisms might be exposed to through ingestion. Extraction based on 50% (v/v) methanol in water was considered to be the most suitable overall extraction solution for soil screening, given that this permitted extraction of the water-insoluble compound PCP at a level which was clearly toxic in the Microtox assay while also retaining the capability to extract water-soluble contaminants. |
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Authors:
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N P Cassells; C S Lane; M Depala; M Saeed; D H Craston |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Chemosphere Volume: 40 ISSN: 0045-6535 ISO Abbreviation: Chemosphere Publication Date: 2000 Mar |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2000-04-11 Completed Date: 2000-04-11 Revised Date: 2009-11-19 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0320657 Medline TA: Chemosphere Country: ENGLAND |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 609-18 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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LGC Teddington Ltd., Teddington, Middlesex, UK. npc@lgc.co.uk |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Chemistry Techniques, Analytical
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methods Chromatography, Liquid / methods* Dimethyl Sulfoxide / toxicity Electrophoresis, Capillary / methods* Methanol / toxicity Pentachlorophenol / analysis* Phenols / analysis Soil Pollutants / analysis* Toxicity Tests / methods* |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Phenols; 0/Soil Pollutants; 67-56-1/Methanol; 67-68-5/Dimethyl Sulfoxide; 87-86-5/Pentachlorophenol |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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