Document Detail


Microglia activation by SIV-infected macrophages: alterations in morphology and cytokine secretion.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  22535448     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
HIV infection in the brain and the resultant encephalitis affect approximately one third of individuals infected with HIV, regardless of treatment with antiretroviral drugs. Microglia are the resident phagocytic cell type in the brain, serving as a "first responder" to neuroinvasion by pathogens. The early events of the microglial response to productively infected monocyte/macrophages entering the brain can best be investigated using in vitro techniques. We hypothesized that activation of microglia would be specific to the presence of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected macrophages as opposed to responses to macrophages in general. Purified microglia were grown and stimulated with control or SIV-infected macrophages. After 6 h, aliquots of the supernatant were analyzed for 23 cytokines using Millipore nonhuman primate-specific kit. In parallel experiments, morphologic changes and cytokine expression by individual microglia were examined by immunofluorescence. Surprisingly, the presence of macrophages was more important to the microglial response rather than whether the macrophages were infected with SIV. None of the cytokines examined were unique to co-incubation with SIV-infected macrophages compared with control macrophages, or their supernatants. Media from SIV-infected macrophages, however, did induce secretion of higher levels of IL-6 and IL-8 than the other treatments. As resident macrophages in the brain, microglia would be expected to have a strong response to infiltrate innate immune cells such as monocyte/macrophages. This response is triggered by incubation with macrophages, irrespective of whether or not they are infected with SIV, indicating a rapid, generalized immune response when infiltrating macrophages entering the brain.
Authors:
Nicole A Renner; Hope A Sansing; Lisa A Morici; Fiona M Inglis; Andrew A Lackner; Andrew G MacLean
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't     Date:  2012-04-26
Journal Detail:
Title:  Journal of neurovirology     Volume:  18     ISSN:  1538-2443     ISO Abbreviation:  J. Neurovirol.     Publication Date:  2012 Jun 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2012-05-28     Completed Date:  2012-12-12     Revised Date:  2013-04-16    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  9508123     Medline TA:  J Neurovirol     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  213-21     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Animals
Cell Communication
Cell Movement
Coculture Techniques
Culture Media, Conditioned
Cytokines / biosynthesis,  immunology*
Frontal Lobe / immunology*,  pathology,  virology
Macaca mulatta
Macrophages / immunology*,  pathology,  virology
Microglia / immunology*,  pathology,  virology
Primary Cell Culture
Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / immunology*,  pathology,  virology
Simian immunodeficiency virus / immunology
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
MH077544/MH/NIMH NIH HHS; OD11104/OD/NIH HHS; P20 RR016816/RR/NCRR NIH HHS; R01 MH077544/MH/NIMH NIH HHS; R21 AA013828/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS; RR00164/RR/NCRR NIH HHS; RR16816/RR/NCRR NIH HHS; RR20159/RR/NCRR NIH HHS
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Culture Media, Conditioned; 0/Cytokines

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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