| Microalgae as human food: chemical and nutritional characteristics of the thermo-acidophilic microalga Galdieria sulphuraria. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 23104098 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The use of microalgae as a food source is still poorly developed because of the technical difficulties related to their cultivation and the limited knowledge about their chemical composition and nutritional value. The unicellular red microalga Galdieria sulphuraria has a very high daily productivity and its cultivation under acidic conditions avoided any bacterial contamination. G. sulphuraria can be cultured under autotrophic and heterotrophic conditions: in this study a screening of 43 strains showed that in the latter case a duplication of biomass production was obtained. The proximate composition (protein, carbohydrates, fiber and lipids), the micronutrient content (carotenoids, phycobiliproteins, chlorophylls and vitamins) together with the antioxidant activity of the biomass produced by a selected strain of G. sulphuraria under both cultivation conditions were determined. Results showed that the material is rich in proteins (26-32%) and polysaccharides (63-69%) and poor in lipids. Under heterotrophic cultivation conditions, the lipid moiety mainly contained monounsaturated fatty acids. Among micronutrients, some B group vitamins are present, beta-carotene is the main carotenoid and phycobiliproteins are present under both cultivating conditions. G. sulphuraria proteins are strictly associated with polysaccharide components and therefore not digestible. In the second part of the work, an extraction protocol using Viscozyme L, a commercial enzymatic preparation containing a mixture of polysaccharidases, was developed which made G. sulphuraria proteins a good substrate for human gastrointestinal enzymes. All in all, the data suggested that G. sulphuraria biomass has a potential use as food ingredients both for protein-rich or insoluble dietary fibre-rich applications. The low concentration of lipids and the absence of green color make this microalgae source particularly useful for the addition to many food preparations. |
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Authors:
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Giulia Graziani; Simona Schiavo; Maria Adalgisa Nicolai; Silvia Buono; Vincenzo Fogliano; Gabriele Pinto; Antonino Pollio |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2012-10-29 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Food & function Volume: - ISSN: 2042-650X ISO Abbreviation: Food Funct Publication Date: 2012 Oct |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-10-29 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101549033 Medline TA: Food Funct Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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Department of Food Science University of Naples Federico II, Parco Gussone Ed 77, I-80055 Portici, Italy. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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