| Methylxanthines and human health: epidemiological and experimental evidence. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20859811 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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When considering methylxanthines and human health, it must be recognized that in many countries most caffeine is consumed as coffee. This is further confounded by the fact that coffee contains many bioactive substances in addition to caffeine; it is rich in phenols (quinides, chlorogenic acid, and lactones) and also has diterpenes (fatty acid esters), potassium, niacin, magnesium, and the vitamin B(3) precursor trigonelline. There is a paradox as consumption of either caffeine or caffeinated coffee results in a marked insulin resistance and yet habitual coffee consumption has repeatedly been reported to markedly reduce the risk for type 2 diabetes. There is strong evidence that caffeine reduces insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle and this may be due to a combination of direct antagonism of A(1) receptors and indirectly β-adrenergic stimulation as a result of increased sympathetic activity. Caffeine may also induce reduced hepatic glucose output. With the exception of bone mineral, there is little evidence that caffeine impacts negatively on other health issues. Coffee does not increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases or cancers and there is some evidence suggesting a positive relationship for the former and for some cancers, particularly hepatic cancer. |
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Authors:
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Marie-Soleil Beaudoin; Terry E Graham |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Handbook of experimental pharmacology Volume: - ISSN: 0171-2004 ISO Abbreviation: Handb Exp Pharmacol Publication Date: 2011 |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-09-22 Completed Date: 2011-01-03 Revised Date: 2011-04-12 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7902231 Medline TA: Handb Exp Pharmacol Country: Germany |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 509-48 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, N1G 2W1. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adipose Tissue
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drug effects,
metabolism Adrenal Medulla / drug effects, metabolism Animals Caffeine / pharmacology* Cardiovascular Diseases / etiology Coffee Gastrointestinal Tract / drug effects Glucose / metabolism Homeostasis / drug effects Humans Liver / drug effects, metabolism Muscle, Skeletal / drug effects, metabolism |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Coffee; 50-99-7/Glucose; 58-08-2/Caffeine |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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