| Methylphenidate-evoked potentiation of extracellular dopamine in the brain of adolescents with premature birth: correlation with attentional deficit. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 12105118 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Perinatal anoxia/ischemia or premature birth increases the risk of developing attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Brain imaging studies of idopathic ADHD reveal elevated dopamine transporter density in striatum of patients, predicting abnormal response to a challenge with methylphenidate in this population. We hypothesized that the severity of attention deficit in adolescents should correlate with the sensitivity to psychostimulant-evoked dopamine release. To test this hypothesis, we investigated six adolescent subjects (mean age 14.2 +/- 2.4 yr) with documented birth trauma and/or low birth weight and a diagnosis of ADHD. Using positron emission tomography (PET), we measured the relative binding of [(11)C]raclopride to dopamine receptors in striatum, first in the baseline condition and again after methylphenidate challenge at a therapeutic dose for ADHD (0.3 mg/kg, p.o.) in order to map the altered dopamine release evoked by the psychostimulant challenge. Neuropsychological measurements of impulsivity and inattention were also performed. We found a positive correlation between commission errors and the methylphenidate-evoked decrease in [(11)C]raclopride binding, thought to reflect the balance of dopamine release and reuptake. The greater the decline in the [(11)C]raclopride binding, the greater the ability of methylphenidate to block the reuptake of dopamine. As the ability to block the reuptake depends on the relative dopamine concentration, the result suggests that the impulsivity in these adolescents is associated with abnormally low extracellular dopamine concentration. |
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Authors:
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Pedro Rosa Neto; Hans Lou; Paul Cumming; Ole Pryds; Albert Gjedde |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Volume: 965 ISSN: 0077-8923 ISO Abbreviation: Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. Publication Date: 2002 Jun |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2002-07-09 Completed Date: 2002-08-02 Revised Date: 2005-11-17 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7506858 Medline TA: Ann N Y Acad Sci Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 434-9 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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PET Center, Arhus Kommunehospital, Nørrebrogade 44, Arhus, Denmark. pedro@pet.auh.dk |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adolescent Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / physiopathology* Brain / drug effects, growth & development, physiology*, radionuclide imaging Carbon Radioisotopes Dopamine / metabolism* Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins Extracellular Space / drug effects, physiology Humans Infant, Newborn Infant, Premature Membrane Glycoproteins* Membrane Transport Proteins / metabolism* Methylphenidate / pharmacology* Nerve Tissue Proteins* Raclopride / pharmacokinetics Tomography, Emission-Computed |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Carbon Radioisotopes; 0/Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; 0/Membrane Glycoproteins; 0/Membrane Transport Proteins; 0/Nerve Tissue Proteins; 113-45-1/Methylphenidate; 84225-95-6/Raclopride |
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