| Meta-analysis: risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma with medications which relax the lower esophageal sphincter. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22129441 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Reasons for the rising annual incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) remain uncertain. Previous studies have given conflicting results, but some have suggested that drugs which relax the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) may increase the risk of EAC. This study is to determine systematically the risk of EAC associated with individual medications which relax the LES and compare risks with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA). Relevant published studies were identified by systematic searching PubMed for case-control studies reporting on risk of EAC, ESCC or GCA with use of medications known to reduce LES pressure. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) were calculated for each malignancy. Data were analyzed from four case-control studies involving 9,412 participants. EAC was significantly associated with theophylline use (OR 1.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-2.28; P= 0.03, I(2) = 0%) and anticholinergic medications (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.13-2.44; P= 0.01, I(2) = 84%). This effect was not observed in cases of ESCC or GCA. Other drug groups including calcium channel modulators and nitrates did not increase the risk of EAC. An inverse relationship was observed between ESCC and nitrates and between GCA and benzodiazepines. The lack of increased EAC risk with many commonly used medications is reassuring. However, a significant correlation was found between EAC and the use of anticholinergics and theophyllines. This may reflect common causality between obstructive lung disease and EAC, and further studies to explore these relationships are warranted. |
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Authors:
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L Alexandre; T Broughton; Y Loke; I L P Beales |
Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-11-30 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Diseases of the esophagus : official journal of the International Society for Diseases of the Esophagus / I.S.D.E Volume: - ISSN: 1442-2050 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Nov |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-12-1 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8809160 Medline TA: Dis Esophagus Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Copyright Information:
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© 2011 Copyright the Authors. Journal compilation © 2011, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. and the International Society for Diseases of the Esophagus. |
Affiliation:
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Department of Gastroenterology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital School of Medicine, Health Policy and Practice, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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