| Mercury bioaccumulation and biomagnification in Ozark stream ecosystems. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21868094 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Crayfish (Orconectes spp.), Asian clam (Corbicula fluminea), northern hog sucker (hog sucker; Hypentelium nigricans), and smallmouth bass (smallmouth; Micropterus dolomieu) from streams in southeastern Missouri (USA) were analyzed for total mercury (HgT) and for stable isotopes of carbon (δ(13)C), nitrogen (δ(15)N), and sulfur (δ(34)S) to discern Hg transfer pathways. HgT concentrations were generally lowest in crayfish (0.005-0.112μg/gdw) and highest in smallmouth (0.093-4.041μg/gdw), as was δ(15)N. HgT was also lower and δ(15)N was higher in all biota from a stream draining a more heavily populated historical lead-zinc mining area than from similar sites with mostly undeveloped forested watersheds. δ(13)C in biota was lowest at spring-influenced sites, reflecting CO(2) inputs and temperature influences, and δ(34)S increased from south to north in all taxa. However, HgT was not strongly correlated with either δ(13)C or δ(34)S in biota. Trophic position (TP) computed from crayfish δ(15)N was lower in hog suckers (mean=2.8) than in smallmouth (mean=3.2), but not at all sites. HgT, δ(13)C, δ(34)S, and TP in hog suckers increased with total length (length) at some sites, indicating site-specific ontogenetic diet shifts. Changes with length were less evident in smallmouth. Length-adjusted HgT site means in both species were strongly correlated with HgT in crayfish (r(2)=0.97, P<0.01), but not with HgT in Corbicula (r(2)=0.02, P>0.05). ANCOVA and regression models incorporating only TP and, for hog suckers, length, accurately and precisely predicted HgT concentrations in both fish species from all locations. Although low compared to many areas of the USA, HgT (and therefore methylmercury) concentrations in smallmouth and hog suckers are sufficiently high to represent a threat to human health and wildlife. Our data indicate that in Ozark streams, Hg concentrations in crayfish are at least partly determined by their diet, with concentrations in hog suckers, smallmouth, and possibly other higher-level consumers largely determined by concentrations in crayfish and other primary and secondary consumers, fish growth rates, and TP. |
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Authors:
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Christopher J Schmitt; Craig A Stricker; William G Brumbaugh |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-8-23 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Ecotoxicology and environmental safety Volume: - ISSN: 1090-2414 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Aug |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-8-26 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7805381 Medline TA: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
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US Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center, 4200 New Haven Road, Columbia, MO 65201, USA. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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