| Melatonin-synthesizing enzymes in pineal, retina, liver, and gut of the goldfish (Carassius): mRNA expression pattern and regulation of daily rhythms by lighting conditions. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20653449 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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It has been suggested that melatonin is synthesized in nonphotosensitive organs of vertebrates in addition to the well-known sites of the pineal gland and retina. However, very few studies have demonstrated the gene expression of melatonin-synthesizing enzymes in extrapineal and extraretinal locations. This study focuses on the circadian expression of the two key enzymes of the melatoninergic pathway, arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) and hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase (HIOMT), in central and peripheral locations of a teleost fish, the goldfish (Carassius auratus). First, the full-length cDNA sequences corresponding to the goldfish AANAT-2 (gAanat-2) and HIOMT-2 (gHiomt-2) were cloned, showing high similarity with other teleost sequences. Two forms of AANAT exist in teleosts. Here, for the first time, two isoforms of HIOMT are deduced from phylogenetic analysis. Moreover, both HIOMT and AANAT were detected in several peripheral locations, including liver and gut, the present results being the first to find HIOMT in nonphotosensitive structures of a fish species. Second, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies were performed to investigate regulation of gAanat-2 in pineal and peripheral locations of goldfish maintained under different lighting conditions. The current results show circadian rhythms in Aanat-2 and Hiomt-2 transcripts in liver and hindgut, suggesting a local melatonin synthesis in goldfish. Moreover, the analysis of daily expression of gAanat-2 under different lighting conditions, including continuous light (24L) and darkness (24D) revealed light-dependent rhythms in the pineal and retina, as expected, but also in liver and hindgut. The persistence in hindgut of these gAanat-2 rhythms under both constant conditions, 24L and 24D, suggests expression of this transcript is governed by a circadian clock and entrained by nonphotic cues. Finally, the current results support the existence of melatonin synthesis in gut and liver of the goldfish. |
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Authors:
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Elena Velarde; Jose Miguel Cerdá-Reverter; Angel Luis Alonso-Gómez; Elisa Sánchez; Esther Isorna; María Jesús Delgado |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Chronobiology international Volume: 27 ISSN: 1525-6073 ISO Abbreviation: Chronobiol. Int. Publication Date: 2010 Jul |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-07-26 Completed Date: 2010-11-05 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8501362 Medline TA: Chronobiol Int Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 1178-201 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Departamento de Fisiología (Fisiología Animal II), Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Acetylserotonin O-Methyltransferase
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genetics,
metabolism Amino Acid Sequence Animals Arylalkylamine N-Acetyltransferase / genetics, metabolism Base Sequence Circadian Rhythm / genetics, physiology*, radiation effects Cloning, Molecular DNA Primers / genetics DNA, Complementary / genetics Gene Expression Goldfish / genetics, physiology* Light Liver / metabolism Melatonin / biosynthesis* Molecular Sequence Data Photoperiod Phylogeny Pineal Gland / metabolism RNA, Messenger / genetics, metabolism Retina / metabolism Tissue Distribution |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/DNA Primers; 0/DNA, Complementary; 0/RNA, Messenger; 73-31-4/Melatonin; EC 2.1.1.4/Acetylserotonin O-Methyltransferase; EC 2.3.1.87/Arylalkylamine N-Acetyltransferase |
| Comments/Corrections | |
Erratum In:
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Chronobiol Int. 2010 Sep;27(8):1671 |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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