Document Detail


Medical qualification of a commercial spaceflight participant: not your average astronaut.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  16708526     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
BACKGROUND: Candidates for commercial spaceflight may be older than the typical astronaut and more likely to have medical problems that place them at risk during flight. Since the effects of microgravity on many medical conditions are unknown, physicians have little guidance when evaluating and certifying commercial spaceflight participants. This dynamic new era in space exploration may provide important data for evaluating medical conditions, creating appropriate medical standards, and optimizing treatment alternatives for long-duration spaceflight. CASE: A 57-yr-old spaceflight participant for an ISS mission presented with medical conditions that included moderately severe bullous emphysema, previous spontaneous pneumothorax with talc pleurodesis, a lung parenchymal mass, and ventricular and atrial ectopy. The medical evaluation required for certification was extensive and included medical studies and monitoring conducted in analogue spaceflight environments including altitude chambers, high altitude mixed-gas simulation, zero-G aircraft, and high-G centrifuge. To prevent recurrence of pneumothorax, we performed video-assisted thoracoscopic pleurodesis, and to assess lung masses, several percutaneous or direct biopsies. The candidate's 10-d mission was without incident. CONCLUSION: Non-career astronauts applying for commercial suborbital and orbital spaceflight will, at least in the near future, challenge aerospace physicians with unknowns regarding safety during training and flight, and highlight important ethical and risk-assessment problems. The information obtained from this new group of space travelers will provide important data for the evaluation and in-flight treatment of medical problems that space programs have not yet addressed systematically, and may improve the medical preparedness of exploration-class missions.
Authors:
Richard T Jennings; David M F Murphy; David L Ware; Serena M Aunon; Richard E Moon; Valery V Bogomolov; Valeri V Morgun; Yuri I Voronkov; Caroline E Fife; Michael C Boyars; Randy D Ernst
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Aviation, space, and environmental medicine     Volume:  77     ISSN:  0095-6562     ISO Abbreviation:  Aviat Space Environ Med     Publication Date:  2006 May 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2006-05-19     Completed Date:  2006-10-20     Revised Date:  2008-11-21    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  7501714     Medline TA:  Aviat Space Environ Med     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  475-84     Citation Subset:  IM; S    
Affiliation:
Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555-1150, USA. rjenning@utmb.edu
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Aerospace Medicine / standards*
Cysts / diagnosis
Exercise Test
Humans
Kidney Diseases / diagnosis
Lung Diseases, Interstitial / diagnosis
Male
Middle Aged
Monitoring, Ambulatory
Physical Examination*
Pleurodesis
Pneumothorax / diagnosis,  therapy
Pulmonary Atelectasis / diagnosis
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / diagnosis
Pulmonary Emphysema / diagnosis
Respiratory Function Tests
Space Flight / standards*
Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted
Ventricular Premature Complexes / diagnosis
Comments/Corrections
Comment In:
Aviat Space Environ Med. 2006 May;77(5):485   [PMID:  16708527 ]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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