Document Detail


Mechanisms of digestion and absorption of dietary vitamin A.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  16011460     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Mechanisms involved in the digestion and absorption of dietary vitamin A require the participation of several proteins. Dietary retinyl esters are hydrolyzed in the intestine by the pancreatic enzyme, pancreatic triglyceride lipase, and intestinal brush border enzyme, phospholipase B. Unesterified retinol taken up by the enterocyte is complexed with cellular retinol-binding protein type 2 and the complex serves as a substrate for reesterification of the retinol by the enzyme lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT). The retinyl esters are then incorporated into chylomicrons, intestinal lipoproteins containing other dietary lipids, such as triglycerides, phospholipids, and free and esterified cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B. Chylomicrons containing newly absorbed retinyl esters are then secreted into the lymph. Although under normal dietary conditions much of the dietary vitamin A is absorbed via the chylomicron/lymphatic route, it is also clear that under some circumstances there is substantial absorption of unesterified retinol via the portal route. Evidence supports the idea that the cellular uptake and efflux of unesterified retinol by enterocytes is mediated by lipid transporters, but the exact number, identity, and role of these proteins is not known and is an active area of research.
Authors:
Earl H Harrison
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; Review    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Annual review of nutrition     Volume:  25     ISSN:  0199-9885     ISO Abbreviation:  Annu. Rev. Nutr.     Publication Date:  2005  
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2005-07-13     Completed Date:  2005-09-29     Revised Date:  2007-11-14    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  8209988     Medline TA:  Annu Rev Nutr     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  87-103     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Human Nutrition Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, USA. harrisoe@ba.ars.usda.gov
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Animals
Biological Transport
Diet*
Digestion*
Enzymes / metabolism
Esterification
Humans
Intestinal Absorption*
Solubility
Vitamin A / administration & dosage,  metabolism,  pharmacokinetics*
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
DK44498/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; HL49879/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Enzymes; 11103-57-4/Vitamin A

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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