| Meanings & motives. Experts debating tobacco addiction. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 18703459 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Over the last 50 years, tobacco has been excluded from and then included in the category of addictive substances. We investigated influences on these opposing definitions and their application in expert witness testimony in litigation in the 1990s and 2000s. A scientist with ties to the tobacco industry influenced the selection of a definition of addiction that led to the classification of tobacco as a "habituation" in the 1964 Surgeon General's Advisory Committee report. Tobacco was later defined as addictive in the 1988 surgeon general's report. Expert witnesses for tobacco companies used the 1964 report's definition until Philip Morris Tobacco Company publicly changed its position in 1997 to agree that nicotine was addictive. Expert witnesses for plaintiffs suing the tobacco industry used the 1988 report's definition, arguing that new definitions were superior because of scientific advance. Both sides viewed addiction as an objective entity that could be defined more or less accurately. |
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Authors:
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Sarah G Mars; Pamela M Ling |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Historical Article; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2008-08-13 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: American journal of public health Volume: 98 ISSN: 1541-0048 ISO Abbreviation: Am J Public Health Publication Date: 2008 Oct |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2008-09-11 Completed Date: 2008-09-26 Revised Date: 2011-04-12 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 1254074 Medline TA: Am J Public Health Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 1793-802 Citation Subset: AIM; IM |
Affiliation:
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Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-1390, USA. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Advisory Committees
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history Consumer Product Safety* Dissent and Disputes / history* Expert Testimony* History, 19th Century History, 20th Century History, 21st Century Humans Public Health / history* Tobacco Industry / history* Tobacco Use Disorder / history* United States United States Public Health Service / history World Health Organization / history |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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1R25 CA113710-01A2/CA/NCI NIH HHS; CA-87472/CA/NCI NIH HHS; R25 CA113710-01A2/CA/NCI NIH HHS |
| Comments/Corrections | |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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