| Management of hypertension in patients with CKD: differences between primary and tertiary care settings. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 15983953 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND: Although most patients with moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD) are managed exclusively in primary care (PC), no data on blood pressure (BP) control in this setting are available. We compared hypertension management in patients with CKD followed up in PC and nephrology tertiary care (TC). METHODS: We studied hypertensive patients with estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs) of 15 to 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (0.25 to 1.00 mL/s) exclusively followed up for at least 1 year in PC (n = 259) or TC (n = 186). RESULTS: PC compared with TC patients were characterized by older age (73 +/- 10 versus 65 +/- 14 years; P < 0.0001), greater prevalences of previous cardiovascular events (59% versus 32%; P < 0.0001) and diabetes (36% versus 23%; P = 0.005), and slightly greater eGFRs (37 +/- 10 versus 34 +/- 11 mL/min/1.73 m2 ; P = 0.005). They showed higher BP levels (143 +/- 15/82 +/- 7 versus 136 +/- 18/78 +/- 11 mm Hg; P < 0.0001), with a lower prevalence of BP target (5.8% [95% confidence interval (CI), 2.9 to 8.6] versus 21.5% [95% CI, 15.6 to 27.4]; P < 0.0001). The risk for not achieving BP target in PC was 2.6 times greater, independently from age, sex, diabetes, and eGFR. Fewer antihypertensive drugs were prescribed in PC (1.9 +/- 1.1 versus 2.5 +/- 1.1; P < 0.0001). In both groups, inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system were the most frequently prescribed drugs (>84%), followed by diuretics (50%). However, family physicians almost exclusively prescribed hydrochlorothiazide, whereas nephrologists preferentially prescribed furosemide, administered at a higher dose than in PC (47 +/- 41 versus 28 +/- 21 mg/d; P = 0.004). CONCLUSION: Control of CKD-related hypertension is significantly worse in PC despite a greater cardiovascular risk. Barriers to optimal BP control likely are represented by a low number of drugs and inadequate diuretic therapy. |
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Authors:
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Roberto Minutolo; Luca De Nicola; Pasquale Zamboli; Paolo Chiodini; Giuseppe Signoriello; Clemente Toderico; Gennaro Arfè; Giuseppe Boschi; Ciro Brancati; Patrizia Iaccarino; Giuseppe Conte |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Comparative Study; Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation Volume: 46 ISSN: 1523-6838 ISO Abbreviation: Am. J. Kidney Dis. Publication Date: 2005 Jul |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2005-06-28 Completed Date: 2005-11-03 Revised Date: 2006-11-15 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8110075 Medline TA: Am J Kidney Dis Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 18-25 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Nephrology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy. roberto.minutolo@unina2.it |
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / therapeutic use Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / therapeutic use Antihypertensive Agents / therapeutic use* Calcium Channel Blockers / therapeutic use Cardiovascular Diseases / epidemiology Case Management* Chronic Disease Cohort Studies Comorbidity Creatinine / blood Diuretics / therapeutic use Drug Utilization / statistics & numerical data Female Furosemide / therapeutic use Glomerular Filtration Rate Humans Hydrochlorothiazide / therapeutic use Hypertension / drug therapy*, etiology Hypertension, Renal / drug therapy, etiology Italy / epidemiology Kidney Diseases / complications*, physiopathology Male Middle Aged Nephrology / methods*, statistics & numerical data Outpatient Clinics, Hospital / statistics & numerical data* Primary Health Care / methods*, statistics & numerical data Questionnaires Risk Factors Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors / therapeutic use Treatment Outcome Urban Population |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; 0/Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; 0/Antihypertensive Agents; 0/Calcium Channel Blockers; 0/Diuretics; 0/Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors; 54-31-9/Furosemide; 58-93-5/Hydrochlorothiazide; 60-27-5/Creatinine |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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