| Magnetic resonance imaging of glutamate. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22270722 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Glutamate, a major neurotransmitter in the brain, shows a pH- and concentration-dependent chemical exchange saturation transfer effect (GluCEST) between its amine group and bulk water, with potential for in vivo imaging by nuclear magnetic resonance. GluCEST asymmetry is observed ∼3 p.p.m. downfield from bulk water. Middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat brain resulted in an ∼100% elevation of GluCEST in the ipsilateral side compared with the contralateral side, predominantly owing to pH changes. In a rat brain tumor model with blood-brain barrier disruption, intravenous glutamate injection resulted in a clear elevation of GluCEST and a similar increase in the proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy signal of glutamate. GluCEST maps from healthy human brain were also obtained. These results demonstrate the feasibility of using GluCEST for mapping relative changes in glutamate concentration, as well as pH, in vivo. Contributions from other brain metabolites to the GluCEST effect are also discussed. |
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Authors:
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Kejia Cai; Mohammad Haris; Anup Singh; Feliks Kogan; Joel H Greenberg; Hari Hariharan; John A Detre; Ravinder Reddy |
Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2012-1-22 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Nature medicine Volume: - ISSN: 1546-170X ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2012 Jan |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-1-24 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9502015 Medline TA: Nat Med Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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1] Center for Magnetic Resonance and Optical Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. [2]. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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