| Lymphoscintigraphy in unilateral lower limb and scrotal lymphedema caused by filariasis. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 23222136 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Lymphedema is the edema that results from chronic lymphatic insufficiency. Lymphatic filariasis is caused by the filarial nematodes Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and Brugia timori. Lymphatic filariasis is common in tropical and subtropical regions. Early diagnosis and prompt therapy can be implemented using lymphoscintigraphy. Our patient is a 15-year-old boy presenting with a 3-month history of hydrocele. The patient was referred to us to rule out any lower limb lymphatic obstruction as the patient is from an endemic area. Tc Sulfur colloid (filtered) lymphoscintigraphy showed abnormal tracer collection in the scrotum and penis. There is associated dermal backflow or stasis in the left thigh region extending just above the knee, suggesting partial obstruction of left inguinal lymphatic channels. |
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Authors:
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Padma Subramanyam; Shanmuga Sundaram Palaniswamy |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Case Reports; Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene Volume: 87 ISSN: 1476-1645 ISO Abbreviation: Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. Publication Date: 2012 Dec |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-12-10 Completed Date: 2013-02-12 Revised Date: 2013-04-16 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0370507 Medline TA: Am J Trop Med Hyg Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 963-4 Citation Subset: AIM; IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Nuclear Medicine and PETCT, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Cochin, Kerala, India. padmas@aims.amrita.edu |
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adolescent Filariasis / pathology* Humans Leg / pathology* Lymphoscintigraphy / methods* Male Scrotum / pathology* |
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| Full Text | |
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Journal Information Journal ID (nlm-ta): Am J Trop Med Hyg Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg Journal ID (publisher-id): tpmd ISSN: 0002-9637 ISSN: 1476-1645 Publisher: The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene |
Article Information ©The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene open-access: Received Day: 10 Month: 7 Year: 2012 Accepted Day: 20 Month: 7 Year: 2012 Print publication date: Day: 05 Month: 12 Year: 2012 pmc-release publication date: Day: 05 Month: 12 Year: 2012 Volume: 87 Issue: 6 First Page: 963 Last Page: 964 PubMed Id: 23222136 ID: 3516097 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.12-0422 |
| Lymphoscintigraphy in Unilateral Lower Limb and Scrotal Lymphedema Caused by Filariasis Alternate Title:SUBRAMANYAM AND PALANISWAMY Title for RRH:LYMPHOSCINTIGRAPHY IN LYMPHEDEMA CAUSED BY FILARIASIS | |
| Padma Subramanyam* | |
| Shanmuga Sundaram Palaniswamy | |
| Department of Nuclear Medicine and PETCT, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Cochin, Kerala, India |
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| Correspondence: *Address correspondence to Padma Subramanyam, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PETCT, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Cochin-6802041, Kerala, India. E-mail: padmas@aims.amrita.edu |
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Lymphatic filariasis is common in tropical and subtropical regions.1 A 15-year-old boy presented with 3 months of scrotal edema. Although residence in a tropical area raises a high suspicion for lymphatic filariasis caused by Wuchereria bancrofti, which can usually be diagnosed with an antigen detection card test, this patient was evaluated for lymphatic obstruction. Imaging was performed with one millicurie (mCi) of filtered Technetium sulfur colloid (Figure 1). Four intradermal injections were given in the first and second webspaces of each foot in equal divided doses. After a brisk walk, whole body anterior and posterior images were acquired immediately and 2 hours later using a dual head variable angle Gamma camera. Images showed abnormal tracer collection in the scrotum and penis with associated unsuspected dermal backflow/stasis in the left thigh region extending just above the knee. Lymphoscintigraphy was consistent with early partial obstruction of left inguinal lymphatics. A computed tomographic scan of the abdomen (Figure 2) showed soft tissue stranding in the lower anterior abdominal wall and left inguinal region suggestive of inflammatory changes (cellulitis) with bilateral scrotal edema. Microscopic examination of the surgically removed left spermatic cord showed a filarial nematode (W. bancrofti) (Figure 3). Although both W. bancrofti and Brugia malayi exist in Kerala, B. malayi rarely produces scrotal involvement or swelling above the knee. Lymphatic filariasis may be acute or chronic by presentation. Acute lymphangitis, often recurrent, is characterized by fever, chills, and erythema. Adult worms (macrofilariae) are usually concentrated in the inguinal and scrotal lymphatics, and thus lower limb and inguinal symptoms are more common, although the upper limbs and breasts may also be affected rarely. Chronicity may manifest as limb lymphedema, hydroceles, and chyluria.
Notes
FN1Authors' addresses: Padma Subramanyam and Shanmuga Sundaram Palaniswamy, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PETCT, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Cochin, Kerala, India, E-mails: padmas@aims.amrita.edu and ssundaram@aims.amrita.edu.
| 1.. | Freedman DO,Almeida Filho PJ,Besh S,Maia e Silve MC,Braga C,Maciel A. Year: 1994Lymphoscitnigraphic analysis of lymphatic abnormalities in symptomatic and asymptomatic human filariasisJ Infect Dis1709279337523538 |
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