| Low-carbohydrate diets reduce lipid accumulation and arterial inflammation in guinea pigs fed a high-cholesterol diet. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 19892353 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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INTRODUCTION: Low-carbohydrate diets (LCD) efficiently induce weight loss and favorably affect plasma lipids, however, the effect of LCD on atherosclerosis is still argued. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of LCD on the prevention of atherosclerosis. METHODS: Twenty guinea pigs were fed either a LCD or a low-fat diet (LFD) in combination with high-cholesterol (0.25g/100g) for 12 weeks. The percentage energy of macronutrient distribution was 10:65:25 for carbohydrate:fat:protein for the LCD, and 55:20:25 for the LFD. Plasma lipids were measured using colorimetric assays. Plasma and aortic oxidized (oxLDL) were quantified using ELISA methods. Inflammatory cytokines were measured in aortic homogenates using an immunoassay. H&E stained sections of aortic sinus and Schultz stained sections of carotid arteries were examined. RESULTS: LDL cholesterol was lower in the LCD compared to the LFD group (71.9+/-34.8 vs. 81.7+/-26.9mg/dL; p=0.039). Aortic cholesterol was also lower in the LCD (4.98+/-1.3mg/g) compared to the LFD group (6.68+/-2.0mg/g); p<0.05. The Schultz staining method confirmed less aortic cholesterol accumulation in the LCD group. Plasma oxLDL did not differ between groups, however, aortic oxLDL was 61% lower in the LCD compared to the LFD group (p=0.045). There was a positive correlation (r=0.63, p=0.03) between oxLDL and cholesterol concentration in the aorta of LFD group, which was not observed in LCD group (r=-0.05, p=0.96). Inflammatory markers were reduced in guinea pigs from the LCD group (p<0.05) and they were correlated with the decreases in oxLDL in aorta. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that LCD not only decreases lipid deposition, but also prevents the accumulation of oxLDL and reduces inflammatory cytokines within the arterial wall and may prevent atherosclerosis. |
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Authors:
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Jose O Leite; Ryan DeOgburn; Joseph Ratliff; Randy Su; Joan A Smyth; Jeff S Volek; Mary M McGrane; Alan Dardik; Maria Luz Fernandez |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article Date: 2009-10-12 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Atherosclerosis Volume: 209 ISSN: 1879-1484 ISO Abbreviation: Atherosclerosis Publication Date: 2010 Apr |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-03-26 Completed Date: 2010-06-14 Revised Date: 2011-09-02 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0242543 Medline TA: Atherosclerosis Country: Ireland |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 442-8 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
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Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Aorta / metabolism Atherosclerosis / blood, pathology, prevention & control* Cholesterol / blood* Cholesterol, Dietary / administration & dosage* Cytokines / metabolism Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted* Diet, Fat-Restricted* Guinea Pigs Lipids / blood* Lipoproteins, LDL / metabolism Male |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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R01 HL095498-01/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS; R01 HL095498-02/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Cholesterol, Dietary; 0/Cytokines; 0/Lipids; 0/Lipoproteins, LDL; 0/oxidized low density lipoprotein; 57-88-5/Cholesterol |
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