| Low-carbohydrate diet does not affect intramyocellular lipid concentration or insulin sensitivity in lean, physically fit men when protein intake is elevated. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20423743 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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It has been speculated that dietary carbohydrate restriction is solely responsibly for mobilization of endogenous lipid stores, elevation of plasma free fatty acid (FFA) concentration, and an associated reduction in insulin sensitivity seen in starvation and low-carbohydrate diets. In 6 healthy men, dietary carbohydrate was eliminated but gluconeogenic substrate supply was maintained by 3 days of very low-carbohydrate/high-protein (HPLC) diet. Results were compared with 3-day starvation and 3-day mixed-carbohydrate diet. Intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) concentration was measured by ¹H magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and insulin sensitivity was determined by intravenous glucose tolerance test. Fasting plasma glucose was significantly reduced ([starvation] 3.5 ± 0.3 vs [HPLC] 4.2 ± 0.4 and [mixed] 4.5 ± 0.3 mmol L⁻¹, P < .01), and IMCL to water ratio (25.6 ± 5.9 vs 13.6 ± 6.1 and 13.6 ± 3.3 × 10⁻³, P < .01) and fasting FFA (1179 ± 294 vs 387 ± 232 and 378 ± 120 μmol L⁻¹, P < .05) were significantly elevated after starvation but were unchanged after HPLC. Minimal model insulin sensitivity was reduced after starvation (5.7 ± 1.5 vs 14.5 ± 4.8 and 16.5 ± 6.8 L min⁻¹ mU⁻¹, P < .05). Plasma glucose, plasma FFAs, IMCLs, and insulin sensitivity are maintained when an HPLC diet is consumed, despite other forms of carbohydrate deprivation producing marked changes in these measures. We conclude that dietary carbohydrate restriction does not cause circulating FFA to become elevated. However, it remains possible that circulating carbohydrate status has an important influence on plasma FFA and therefore insulin sensitivity in healthy people. |
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Authors:
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Jackson G Green; Nathan A Johnson; Toos Sachinwalla; Christopher W Cunningham; Martin W Thompson; Stephen R Stannard |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2010-04-27 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Metabolism: clinical and experimental Volume: 59 ISSN: 1532-8600 ISO Abbreviation: Metab. Clin. Exp. Publication Date: 2010 Nov |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-10-26 Completed Date: 2010-12-15 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0375267 Medline TA: Metabolism Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 1633-41 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
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Research Centre for Maori Health and Development, Massey University, 4442, New Zealand. j.green@massey.ac.nz |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adult Blood Glucose Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted* Dietary Proteins / administration & dosage* Energy Intake Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / blood Humans Insulin Resistance* Lipids / analysis* Male Middle Aged Muscle Cells / chemistry* Physical Fitness* Starvation |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Blood Glucose; 0/Dietary Proteins; 0/Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; 0/Lipids |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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