| A low-protein diet during gestation in rats activates the placental mammalian amino acid response pathway and programs the growth capacity of offspring. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20980649 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Placental efficiency is a predictor of fetal growth and development, which is also controlled by maternal gestational health and diet. The present study investigated the effects of a gestational low-protein diet on offspring growth capacity as well as the diet's contribution to altered expression of placental genes associated with the mammalian amino acid response (AAR) pathway. To assess these outcomes, timed-pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were fed a control (C) diet with 18% protein or a low-protein (LP) diet with 9% protein throughout gestation (Expt. 1) or throughout gestation and lactation (Expt. 2). Placentas were collected during natural delivery and quantitative RT-PCR and Western-blot analyses were performed to determine placental mRNA and protein levels. By the end of the lactation period, offspring of dams fed the LP diet had stunted growth in both experiments. mRNA expression of target genes in the AAR pathway, such as activating transcription factor-3 (Atf3), asparagine synthetase (Asns), and Sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter-2 (Snat2), was greater in placentas of rats fed the LP diet compared with controls, as were placental ATF4 and p-eIF2α protein levels. The increase in mRNA expression of AAR pathway-associated genes was correlated with the stunting of offspring growth (Atf3: R(2) = 0.32, P = 0.086; Asns: R(2) = 0.44, P < 0.05; Snat2: R(2) = 0.33, P = 0.084). Our study showed that the mammalian AAR pathway in placenta is upregulated by a maternal low-protein diet and this activation may act as a cue for the fetus to develop an adaptive response suited to their predicted postnatal environment, i.e. a more favorable phenotype for their survival. |
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Authors:
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Rita S Strakovsky; Dan Zhou; Yuan-Xiang Pan |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Date: 2010-10-27 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The Journal of nutrition Volume: 140 ISSN: 1541-6100 ISO Abbreviation: J. Nutr. Publication Date: 2010 Dec |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-11-24 Completed Date: 2010-12-30 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0404243 Medline TA: J Nutr Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 2116-20 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Amino Acids
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metabolism* Animals Blotting, Western Dietary Proteins / administration & dosage* Female Gene Expression Profiling Growth* Male Maternal Exposure Placenta / metabolism* Pregnancy RNA, Messenger / metabolism Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Amino Acids; 0/Dietary Proteins; 0/RNA, Messenger |
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