| Long-term effect of low-dose folic acid intake: potential effect of mandatory fortification on the prevention of neural tube defects. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21593499 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND: Understanding the full effect of chronic low-dose folic acid is important in interpreting the effect of the mandatory folic acid fortification program in North America. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to describe the rate of attainment and steady state (plateau) of red blood cell (RBC) folate in response to long-term intake of 140 μg (designed to mimic fortification) and 400 μg (recommended dose for the primary prevention of neural tube defects) folic acid/d in reproductive-aged women living in a country with minimal fortification. DESIGN: On the basis of pharmacokinetics principles, it was recently proposed that a steady state should be reached after 40 wk. Thus, 144 women aged 18-40 y were randomly assigned to receive a daily folic acid supplement of 140 μg (n = 49) or 400 μg (n = 48) or placebo (n = 47) for 40 wk. RBC folate was measured at baseline and at 6, 12, 29, and 40 wk. RESULTS: After 40 wk, RBC folate did not reach a plateau in either treatment group. Kinetic modeling of the data indicated that RBC folate would approximately double from 779 to 1356 nmol/L in response to 140 μg folic acid/d with only ≈50% of model-estimated steady state conditions achieved at 40 wk. An average RBC folate concentration of 1068 nmol/L after 12 wk of supplementation with 400 μg folic acid/d was readily achieved at 36 wk after continuous intake of 140 μg/d. CONCLUSION: Our model shows the considerable length of time required to attain the full effect of low-dose folic acid, which suggests that 140 μg folic acid/d could be as effective as 400 μg folic acid/d taken during the periconceptional period if given sufficient time. This trial is registered at www.anzctr.org.au as ACTRN12609000215224. |
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Authors:
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Lisa A Houghton; Andrew R Gray; Meredith C Rose; Jody C Miller; Nicola A Hurthouse; Jesse F Gregory |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-5-18 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The American journal of clinical nutrition Volume: - ISSN: 1938-3207 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 May |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-5-19 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0376027 Medline TA: Am J Clin Nutr Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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Departments of Human Nutrition and Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand, and the Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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