| Long-chain fatty acids and inflammation. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22369781 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Inflammation plays a key role in many common conditions and diseases. Fatty acids can influence inflammation through a variety of mechanisms acting from the membrane to the nucleus. They act through cell surface and intracellular receptors that control inflammatory cell signalling and gene expression patterns. Modifications of inflammatory cell membrane fatty acid composition can modify membrane fluidity, lipid raft formation and cell signalling leading to altered gene expression and can alter the pattern of lipid and peptide mediator production. Cells involved in the inflammatory response usually contain a relatively high proportion of the n-6 fatty acid arachidonic acid in their membrane phospholipids. Eicosanoids produced from arachidonic acid have well-recognised roles in inflammation. Oral administration of the marine n-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA increases the contents of EPA and DHA in the membranes of cells involved in inflammation. This is accompanied by a decrease in the amount of arachidonic acid present. EPA is a substrate for eicosanoid synthesis and these are often less potent than those produced from arachidonic acid. EPA gives rise to E-series resolvins and DHA gives rise to D-series resolvins and protectins. Resolvins and protectins are anti-inflammatory and inflammation resolving. Thus, the exposure of inflammatory cells to different types of fatty acids can influence their function and so has the potential to modify inflammatory processes. |
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Authors:
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Philip C Calder |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article Date: 2012-02-28 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society Volume: 71 ISSN: 1475-2719 ISO Abbreviation: Proc Nutr Soc Publication Date: 2012 May |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-05-07 Completed Date: 2012-08-23 Revised Date: 2013-04-24 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7505881 Medline TA: Proc Nutr Soc Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 284-9 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Institute of Human Nutrition and Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK. pcc@soton.ac.uk |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Antigens, CD59
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metabolism Arachidonic Acid / metabolism* Cell Membrane / drug effects, metabolism* Dietary Fats / metabolism*, pharmacology Docosahexaenoic Acids / metabolism*, pharmacology, therapeutic use Eicosanoids / biosynthesis Eicosapentaenoic Acid / metabolism*, pharmacology, therapeutic use Fish Oils / metabolism, pharmacology, therapeutic use Humans Inflammation / drug therapy, metabolism* Phospholipids / metabolism |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Antigens, CD59; 0/Dietary Fats; 0/Eicosanoids; 0/Fish Oils; 0/Phospholipids; 1553-41-9/Eicosapentaenoic Acid; 25167-62-8/Docosahexaenoic Acids; 506-32-1/Arachidonic Acid |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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