| Life and death of microglia. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 19680817 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The importance of microglial cells in the maintenance of a well-functioning central nervous system (CNS) cannot be overstated. As descendants of the myelomonocytic lineage they are industrious housekeepers and watchful sentries that safeguard a homeostatic environment through a number of mechanisms designed to provide protection of fastidious neurons at all times. Microglia become particularly active after homeostasis has been perturbed by physical injury or other insults and they enter into a state of activation which is determined largely by the nature and severity of the lesion. Microglial activation is the main cellular event in acute neuroinflammation and essential for wound healing in the CNS. Recent studies from this laboratory have been focused on microglia in the aging brain and identified structural abnormalities, termed microglial dystrophy, that are consistent with cell senescence and progress to a form of accidental cell death that is marked by cytoplasmic degeneration and has been termed cytorrhexis. Cytorrhexis of microglia is infrequent in the normally aged human brain and non-detectable in aged rodents, but its occurrence increases dramatically during neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) in humans and motoneuron disease in transgenic rats. The identification of degenerating microglia has given rise to a novel theory of AD pathogenesis, the microglial dysfunction hypothesis, which views the loss of microglial neuroprotection as a central event in neurodegenerative disease development. |
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Authors:
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Wolfgang J Streit; Qing-Shan Xue |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Review Date: 2009-08-14 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology Volume: 4 ISSN: 1557-1904 ISO Abbreviation: J Neuroimmune Pharmacol Publication Date: 2009 Dec |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2009-11-02 Completed Date: 2010-08-16 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101256586 Medline TA: J Neuroimmune Pharmacol Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 371-9 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA. streit@mbi.ufl.edu |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Apoptosis / physiology* Cell Aging / physiology Cell Death Central Nervous System / cytology, pathology, physiology Humans Microglia / cytology, pathology*, physiology* |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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AG023665/AG/NIA NIH HHS |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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