Document Detail


Lessons learned while conducting research on prevention of pressure ulcers in veterans with spinal cord injury.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  17601465     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
OBJECTIVE: To describe the challenges of conducting a large randomized controlled trial (RCT) to assess the effectiveness of an intervention to prevent recurrent pressure ulcers among a high-risk population of subjects with spinal cord injury (SCI). DESIGN: Prospective multisite, randomized design comparing outcomes of patients who received individualized education and structured telephone counseling follow-up with those of patients receiving customary care. This study was stopped early because of unanticipated recruitment problems. SETTING: Six Veterans Affairs SCI specialty centers. PARTICIPANTS: Veterans (N=150) treated for stage III or IV pelvic pressure ulcers. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Recurrence (defined as new skin breakdown in the pelvic area) and time to recurrence. The study was stopped early because of slow recruitment, so the focus of this study is lessons learned, not the main planned outcome measures. RESULTS: Subject recruitment did not meet original expectations because almost 50% of those enrolled left the hospital with the study ulcer unhealed (having a healed ulcer was a requirement for participation). No significant differences were observed between groups on rate of or time to recurrence at the time the study was stopped. Among the 6 sites, variability in ulcer management (eg, length of stay, receipt of medical vs surgical treatment, sitting tolerance before discharge) and time to recurrence (median, 4mo) were observed. CONCLUSIONS: RCTs in real-world settings are the most robust method of assessing the effectiveness of prevention strategies. However, in complex, rapidly changing health care organizations, blinding is infeasible, it may be impractical to control for every variable that influences a study's outcome, and any assumptions that usual care is static are probably mistaken. Investigators must be prepared to use innovative approaches to maintain the integrity of the study design, including flexibility in inclusion and exclusion criteria to support accrual, obtaining a better understanding of the important aspects of usual care that may need to be standardized, continuous improvement within the intervention arm, and anticipation and minimization of risks from organizational changes. With attention to these delivery system issues and the usual design features of randomized trials, we believe real-world care settings can serve as important laboratories to test pressure ulcer prevention strategies in this population.
Authors:
Marylou Guihan; Susan L Garber; Charles H Bombardier; Ramon Durazo-Arizu; Barry Goldstein; Sally Ann Holmes
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation     Volume:  88     ISSN:  0003-9993     ISO Abbreviation:  Arch Phys Med Rehabil     Publication Date:  2007 Jul 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2007-07-02     Completed Date:  2007-08-09     Revised Date:  2007-11-15    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  2985158R     Medline TA:  Arch Phys Med Rehabil     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  858-61     Citation Subset:  AIM; IM    
Affiliation:
VA Spinal Cord Injury Quality Enhancement Research Initiative, Center for Management of Complex Chronic Care, Edward Hines Jr VA Hospital, Hines, IL 60141, USA. marylou.guihan@va.gov
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Counseling
Data Interpretation, Statistical
Health Behavior
Humans
Intervention Studies
Patient Discharge
Patient Education as Topic*
Patient Selection
Pressure Ulcer / etiology,  prevention & control*
Prospective Studies
Recurrence
Skin Care
Social Support
Spinal Cord Injuries / complications*
United States
Veterans

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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