Document Detail


Leptin: fundamental aspects.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  10193858     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
The discovery of leptin, the product of the ob gene, has led to major developments in understanding the regulation of energy balance. It is now recognised that leptin is produced in several organs additional to white adipose tissue, including brown fat, the placenta and fetal tissues (such as heart and bone/cartilage). The hormone has multiple functions-in inhibiting food intake, in the stimulation/maintenance of energy expenditure, as a signal to the reproductive system and as a 'metabolic' hormone influencing a range of processes (for example, insulin secretion, lipolysis, sugar transport). The production of leptin by white fat is subject to a number of regulatory influences, including insulin and glucocorticoids (which are stimulatory), and fasting and beta-adrenoceptor agonists (which are inhibitory). A key role in the regulation of leptin production by white fat is envisaged for the sympathetic system, operating through beta3-adrenoceptors. The leptin receptor gene is widely expressed, with the several splice variants exhibiting different patterns of expression. The long form variant (Ob-Rb) is expressed particularly in the hypothalamus, although it is being increasingly identified in other tissues. Leptin exerts its central effects through several neuroendocrine systems, including neuropeptide Y, glucagon-like peptide-1, melanocortins, corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH) and cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART). In essence, the leptin system now appears highly complex, the hormone being involved in a range of physiological processes in a manner far transcending the initial lipostatic concept. This complexity may reduce the potential of the leptin system as a target for anti-obesity therapy.
Authors:
P Trayhurn; N Hoggard; J G Mercer; D V Rayner
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review    
Journal Detail:
Title:  International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity     Volume:  23 Suppl 1     ISSN:  0307-0565     ISO Abbreviation:  Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord.     Publication Date:  1999 Feb 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  1999-05-24     Completed Date:  1999-05-24     Revised Date:  2007-11-15    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  9313169     Medline TA:  Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord     Country:  ENGLAND    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  22-8     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Division of Biomedical Science, Rowett Research Institute, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adipose Tissue / physiology
Animals
Carrier Proteins / physiology
Humans
Leptin
Obesity / genetics,  physiopathology
Proteins / genetics,  physiology*
Receptors, Cell Surface*
Receptors, Leptin
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Carrier Proteins; 0/Leptin; 0/Proteins; 0/Receptors, Cell Surface; 0/Receptors, Leptin; 0/leptin receptor, human

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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