Document Detail


Left ventricular failure complicating severe pediatric burn injuries.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  7738749     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
PURPOSE: Despite improvements in the overall survival rates for critically burned children, failed resuscitation may account for 54% of deaths following burn injuries. Clinical and experimental studies have implicated failure of the right side of the heart in adults, biventricular failure in elderly patients, and inadequate resuscitation as causes of refractory burn shock. This retrospective study of resuscitation at a tertiary pediatric burn center showed that myocardial depression is a complicating factor in the treatment of the pediatric burn victim. METHODS: From 1989 to 1992, 28 critically burned children (> or = 60% total burn surface area) were resuscitated primarily at our center (admission within 24 hours of injury). Twenty-seven children had central lines, nine of whom underwent pulmonary artery catheterization for intensive hemodynamic monitoring because standard resuscitative therapy had failed. The average amount of fluid received at 8 and 24 hours after injury was within 10% of the calculated volume based on the Parkland formula. RESULTS: Indexes of a failing rescue attempt included respiratory distress (PaO2/FlO2 < or = 200), central venous pressure of greater than 10 mm Hg, and urine output of less than 1 mL/kg/h. Filling pressures were found to be normal or elevated in all children, indicating adequate volume replacement. Evaluation of cardiac function was performed using a thermodilution technique and showed that 100% of the study group had depressed left ventricular function, with an average left ventricular stroke work index (LVSWI) of 19.9 g.m/m2 (normal, 44 to 68 g.m/m2), whereas only 38% had concomitant right ventricular failure. This left-sided dysfunction persisted throughout the acute resuscitation period but was improved after appropriate modification of fluid resuscitation and initiation of vasopressors (average final LVSWI, 38.0 g.m/m2). There were no complications from placement of the Swan-Ganz catheters in this group. CONCLUSION: Cardiogenic failure is a major determinant of a failing pediatric burn resuscitation, and, contrary to the adult burn patient, the myocardial depression is predominantly left-sided. Information from pulmonary artery catheters can help direct therapy by providing indications for vasopressors and modifying fluid resuscitation.
Authors:
E M Reynolds; D P Ryan; R L Sheridan; D P Doody
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Journal of pediatric surgery     Volume:  30     ISSN:  0022-3468     ISO Abbreviation:  J. Pediatr. Surg.     Publication Date:  1995 Feb 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  1995-06-07     Completed Date:  1995-06-07     Revised Date:  2004-11-17    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0052631     Medline TA:  J Pediatr Surg     Country:  UNITED STATES    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  264-9; discussion 269-70     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Pediatric Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114, USA.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adolescent
Analysis of Variance
Burns / complications*
Catheterization, Swan-Ganz
Child
Child, Preschool
Dobutamine / therapeutic use
Fluid Therapy / adverse effects
Heart Arrest / drug therapy,  therapy
Humans
Infant
Respiratory Insufficiency / complications,  therapy
Resuscitation / methods*
Retrospective Studies
Shock, Cardiogenic / prevention & control
Shock, Traumatic / complications,  therapy*
Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / complications*
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
34368-04-2/Dobutamine

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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