| Large vapour cloud explosions, with particular reference to that at Buncefield. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22213659 Owner: NLM Status: PubMed-not-MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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This paper first briefly surveys the energy releases in some major accidents. It then examines the analyses of the explosion at the Buncefield fuel storage site in the UK, one of the most intense accidental explosions in recent times. This followed the release of approximately 300 tonnes of winter-grade gasoline, when a 15 m high storage tank was overfilled for about 40 min before ignition of the resulting flammable mixture. The ensuing explosion was of a severity that had not been identified previously in a major hazard assessment of this type of facility. It was therefore imperative to investigate the event thoroughly and develop an understanding of the underlying mechanisms to inform future prevention, mitigation and land-use planning issues. The investigation of the incident was overseen by the Buncefield Major Incident Investigation Board. A separate Explosion Mechanism Advisory Group examined the evidence and reported on the severity of the explosion. It concluded that additional work was necessary and recommended that a two-stage project be initiated, phase 1 of which has been completed. The analyses of the damage and the derivation of explosion over-pressures are described. Possible explosion mechanisms and the evidence for them at Buncefield are discussed, in the light of other major incidents. Mechanisms that are reviewed include high-speed turbulent combustion, quasi-detonations, fully developed detonations, the generation of fireballs, flame instabilites, radiative heat transfer and aspects of two-phase burning. Of particular importance is the acceleration of turbulent flames along the line of trees and hedgerows. A number of conclusions are drawn and suggestions made for further research. |
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Authors:
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D Bradley; G A Chamberlain; D D Drysdale |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences Volume: 370 ISSN: 1364-503X ISO Abbreviation: Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci Publication Date: 2012 Feb |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-01-03 Completed Date: 2012-02-15 Revised Date: 2013-04-24 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101133385 Medline TA: Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 544-66 Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK. d.bradley@leeds.ac.uk |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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