| Lactate metabolism: a new paradigm for the third millennium. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 15131240 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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For much of the 20th century, lactate was largely considered a dead-end waste product of glycolysis due to hypoxia, the primary cause of the O2 debt following exercise, a major cause of muscle fatigue, and a key factor in acidosis-induced tissue damage. Since the 1970s, a 'lactate revolution' has occurred. At present, we are in the midst of a lactate shuttle era; the lactate paradigm has shifted. It now appears that increased lactate production and concentration as a result of anoxia or dysoxia are often the exception rather than the rule. Lactic acidosis is being re-evaluated as a factor in muscle fatigue. Lactate is an important intermediate in the process of wound repair and regeneration. The origin of elevated [lactate] in injury and sepsis is being re-investigated. There is essentially unanimous experimental support for a cell-to-cell lactate shuttle, along with mounting evidence for astrocyte-neuron, lactate-alanine, peroxisomal and spermatogenic lactate shuttles. The bulk of the evidence suggests that lactate is an important intermediary in numerous metabolic processes, a particularly mobile fuel for aerobic metabolism, and perhaps a mediator of redox state among various compartments both within and between cells. Lactate can no longer be considered the usual suspect for metabolic 'crimes', but is instead a central player in cellular, regional and whole body metabolism. Overall, the cell-to-cell lactate shuttle has expanded far beyond its initial conception as an explanation for lactate metabolism during muscle contractions and exercise to now subsume all of the other shuttles as a grand description of the role(s) of lactate in numerous metabolic processes and pathways. |
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Authors:
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L B Gladden |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Review Date: 2004-05-06 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The Journal of physiology Volume: 558 ISSN: 0022-3751 ISO Abbreviation: J. Physiol. (Lond.) Publication Date: 2004 Jul |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2004-06-30 Completed Date: 2005-01-19 Revised Date: 2009-11-18 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0266262 Medline TA: J Physiol Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 5-30 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Health and Human Performance, 2050 Memorial Coliseum, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849-5323, USA. gladdlb@auburn.edu |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Acidosis, Lactic
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metabolism* Animals Energy Metabolism / physiology* Exercise / physiology* Humans Lactic Acid / metabolism* |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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50-21-5/Lactic Acid |
| Comments/Corrections | |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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