| Kinematic motion of the windmill softball pitch in prepubescent and pubescent girls. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20802283 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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This study examined the joint motions and movement patterns of the kinetic chain in the ballistic skill of performing the windmill pitch. Seventeen healthy girls who were currently playing competitive fast-pitch softball volunteered for the study. Subjects were instructed to perform 5 successful fastball windmill style deliveries. We selected 1 pitch for analysis based on the velocity, accuracy, and subjects' input. Kwon3D motion analysis package (Visol., Inc., Seoul, Korea), with 6 digital camcorders placed at 60 degrees apart was used for analysis. Raw data were interpolated using a frequency of 60 Hz and then smoothed using Butterworth low-pass second-order filter with a fixed cut-off frequency of 6 Hz. The subjects were divided into groups based on skill level: novice, intermediate, and advanced. Sequential progression of kinematic variables that resulted in increased throwing velocity and the contribution each segment (upper arm, forearm, and hand) possessed toward ball velocity with descriptive statistics and path analysis were assessed. There was evidence of sequentiality among the arm segments in the intermediate and advanced groups. The patterns of the shared positive contributions made by each of the limb segments were similar among the 3 groups of participants. The novice group tended to rely on more of the upper arm and forearm than the other 2 groups. From this study, it is evident that all emphasis should not be placed on the shoulder, but training and conditioning methods should focus on the entire kinetic chain including the torso and the full arm segment, not just the shoulder in an attempt to gain the greatest velocity while performing the 360 degrees arc of the windmill softball pitch. |
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Authors:
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Gretchen D Oliver; Priscilla M Dwelly; Young-Hoo Kwon |
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7595243 - The inertia tensor as a basis for the perception of limb orientation. 17973103 - Contralateral manual compensation for velocity-dependent force perturbations. 11711583 - Visual and non-visual control of landing movements in humans. |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of strength and conditioning research / National Strength & Conditioning Association Volume: 24 ISSN: 1533-4287 ISO Abbreviation: J Strength Cond Res Publication Date: 2010 Sep |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-08-30 Completed Date: 2010-12-17 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9415084 Medline TA: J Strength Cond Res Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 2400-7 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Health, Kinesiology, Recreation, and Dance, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA. goliver@uark.edu |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adolescent Age Factors Arm / physiology Athletic Performance / physiology Baseball / physiology* Biomechanics / physiology Child Female Humans Movement / physiology Young Adult |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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