| Inverse zombies, anesthesia awareness, and the hard problem of unconsciousness. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 18635380 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Philosophical (p-) zombies are constructs that possess all of the behavioral features and responses of a sentient human being, yet are not conscious. P-zombies are intimately linked to the hard problem of consciousness and have been invoked as arguments against physicalist approaches. But what if we were to invert the characteristics of p-zombies? Such an inverse (i-) zombie would possess all of the behavioral features and responses of an insensate being, yet would nonetheless be conscious. While p-zombies are logically possible but naturally improbable, an approximation of i-zombies actually exists: individuals experiencing what is referred to as "anesthesia awareness." Patients under general anesthesia may be intubated (preventing speech), paralyzed (preventing movement), and narcotized (minimizing response to nociceptive stimuli). Thus, they appear--and typically are--unconscious. In 1-2 cases/1000, however, patients may be aware of intraoperative events, sometimes without any objective indices. Furthermore, a much higher percentage of patients (22% in a recent study) may have the subjective experience of dreaming during general anesthesia. P-zombies confront us with the hard problem of consciousness--how do we explain the presence of qualia? I-zombies present a more practical problem--how do we detect the presence of qualia? The current investigation compares p-zombies to i-zombies and explores the "hard problem" of unconsciousness with a focus on anesthesia awareness. |
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Authors:
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George A Mashour; Eric LaRock |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article Date: 2008-07-16 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Consciousness and cognition Volume: 17 ISSN: 1090-2376 ISO Abbreviation: Conscious Cogn Publication Date: 2008 Dec |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2008-11-17 Completed Date: 2009-03-05 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9303140 Medline TA: Conscious Cogn Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 1163-8 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Anesthesiology and Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, 1H247 UH/Box 0048, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0048, USA. gmashour@umich.edu |
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Advance Directives
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ethics Anesthesia, General* Awareness* Brain Death Cognition* Comprehension Emotions Ethics, Medical Humans Intention Models, Psychological Persistent Vegetative State / psychology Personal Construct Theory Philosophy* Unconsciousness* |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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