| Intravenous lidocaine decreases but cocaine does not alter the rate of cerebrospinal fluid formation in anesthetized rabbits. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 9016439 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Considering that adrenergic stimulation was reported to decrease the rate of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) formation (Vf), it was hypothesized that cocaine might exert a similar effect. Accordingly, the present study was designed to examine the effects of low, moderate, and high doses of cocaine on Vf and resistance to reabsorption of CSF (Ra). Because cocaine possesses both adrenergic-stimulating and local anesthetic properties, the present study examined the effects of lidocaine, a local anesthetic without adrenergic-stimulating properties, as a comparison treatment to cocaine. New Zealand white rabbits (n = 17) weighing 3.5-4.3 kg were anesthetized with halothane. A needle was inserted into the left lateral cerebral ventricle and a catheter was inserted into the cisterna magna to permit ventriculocisternal perfusion with mock CSF labeled with blue dextran. A1 each of four experimental conditions, control and three doses of cocaine or lidocaine, fluid volumes and concentrations of blue dextran in timed samples of cisternal outflow were used to determine Vf and the rate of reabsorption of CSF (Va). In turn, Va at normal and elevated CSF pressures (+6 cmH2O) were used to determine Ra. For both the cocaine group (n = 9) and the lidocaine group (n = 8) the three drug doses were 0.5 mg.kg-1 followed by 1.0 microgram.kg-1.min-1, 1.5 mg.kg-1 followed by 3.0 micrograms.kg-1.min-1, and 4.5 mg.kg-1 followed by 9.0 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 i.v. Cocaine caused no significant change of Vf or Ra. In the lidocaine group there was a dose/time-related decrease of Vf (although the slope relating Vf to dose/time was not significantly different from that in the cocaine group), but no significant change of Ra. It is concluded that during halothane anesthesia cocaine does not decrease Vf, a finding not consistent with previous reports that adrenergic stimulation decreases Vf. Decrease of Vf with lidocaine is consistent with previous reports of similar dose-related effects of thiopental, etomidate, midazolam, and fentanyl on Vf. |
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Authors:
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A A Artru; C M Bernards; D S Mautz; K M Powers |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of neurosurgical anesthesiology Volume: 9 ISSN: 0898-4921 ISO Abbreviation: J Neurosurg Anesthesiol Publication Date: 1997 Jan |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 1997-02-28 Completed Date: 1997-02-28 Revised Date: 2003-11-14 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8910749 Medline TA: J Neurosurg Anesthesiol Country: UNITED STATES |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 31-43 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Anesthesiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle 98195-6540, USA. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Analysis of Variance Anesthetics, Local / administration & dosage, pharmacology* Animals Blood Pressure / drug effects Cerebral Ventricles / drug effects, physiology Cerebrospinal Fluid / drug effects, physiology* Cocaine / administration & dosage, pharmacology* Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Electroencephalography / drug effects Heart Rate / drug effects Infusions, Intravenous Intracranial Pressure / drug effects Lidocaine / administration & dosage, pharmacology* Rabbits Regression Analysis |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Anesthetics, Local; 137-58-6/Lidocaine; 50-36-2/Cocaine |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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