Document Detail


Intravenous lidocaine decreases but cocaine does not alter the rate of cerebrospinal fluid formation in anesthetized rabbits.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  9016439     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Considering that adrenergic stimulation was reported to decrease the rate of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) formation (Vf), it was hypothesized that cocaine might exert a similar effect. Accordingly, the present study was designed to examine the effects of low, moderate, and high doses of cocaine on Vf and resistance to reabsorption of CSF (Ra). Because cocaine possesses both adrenergic-stimulating and local anesthetic properties, the present study examined the effects of lidocaine, a local anesthetic without adrenergic-stimulating properties, as a comparison treatment to cocaine. New Zealand white rabbits (n = 17) weighing 3.5-4.3 kg were anesthetized with halothane. A needle was inserted into the left lateral cerebral ventricle and a catheter was inserted into the cisterna magna to permit ventriculocisternal perfusion with mock CSF labeled with blue dextran. A1 each of four experimental conditions, control and three doses of cocaine or lidocaine, fluid volumes and concentrations of blue dextran in timed samples of cisternal outflow were used to determine Vf and the rate of reabsorption of CSF (Va). In turn, Va at normal and elevated CSF pressures (+6 cmH2O) were used to determine Ra. For both the cocaine group (n = 9) and the lidocaine group (n = 8) the three drug doses were 0.5 mg.kg-1 followed by 1.0 microgram.kg-1.min-1, 1.5 mg.kg-1 followed by 3.0 micrograms.kg-1.min-1, and 4.5 mg.kg-1 followed by 9.0 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 i.v. Cocaine caused no significant change of Vf or Ra. In the lidocaine group there was a dose/time-related decrease of Vf (although the slope relating Vf to dose/time was not significantly different from that in the cocaine group), but no significant change of Ra. It is concluded that during halothane anesthesia cocaine does not decrease Vf, a finding not consistent with previous reports that adrenergic stimulation decreases Vf. Decrease of Vf with lidocaine is consistent with previous reports of similar dose-related effects of thiopental, etomidate, midazolam, and fentanyl on Vf.
Authors:
A A Artru; C M Bernards; D S Mautz; K M Powers
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Journal of neurosurgical anesthesiology     Volume:  9     ISSN:  0898-4921     ISO Abbreviation:  J Neurosurg Anesthesiol     Publication Date:  1997 Jan 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  1997-02-28     Completed Date:  1997-02-28     Revised Date:  2003-11-14    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  8910749     Medline TA:  J Neurosurg Anesthesiol     Country:  UNITED STATES    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  31-43     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle 98195-6540, USA.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Analysis of Variance
Anesthetics, Local / administration & dosage,  pharmacology*
Animals
Blood Pressure / drug effects
Cerebral Ventricles / drug effects,  physiology
Cerebrospinal Fluid / drug effects,  physiology*
Cocaine / administration & dosage,  pharmacology*
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Electroencephalography / drug effects
Heart Rate / drug effects
Infusions, Intravenous
Intracranial Pressure / drug effects
Lidocaine / administration & dosage,  pharmacology*
Rabbits
Regression Analysis
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Anesthetics, Local; 137-58-6/Lidocaine; 50-36-2/Cocaine

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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