| Intratubular germ cell neoplasia of the testis and its associated cancers: the use of novel biomarkers. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20438407 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Recent advances in the understanding of the molecular pathology of testicular tumours have led to the identification of several new immunohistochemical markers for invasive and in situ germ cell neoplasms. OCT3/4 and NANOG are nuclear stains that have high sensitivity and specificity for the identification of intratubular germ cell neoplasia as well as seminoma and embryonal carcinoma. A potential pitfall in their application to the detection of intratubular germ cell neoplasia, as in other markers that represent oncofetal antigens, is their expression in non-neoplastic germ cells with 'delayed maturation'. SALL4, another nuclear stain, is positive for most germ cell tumours as a group and may be especially helpful in the distinction of these tumours from somatic carcinomas in non-testicular sites. Glypican 3 is a more sensitive marker for yolk sac tumour than alpha-fetoprotein. SOX2 and SOX17 may be useful for differentiating seminoma and embryonal carcinoma, especially following chemotherapy as embryonal carcinoma may lose CD30 expression in this setting. This article reviews the application of these immunohistochemical markers and others to the diagnosis of germ cell neoplasia with reference to older immunohistochemical stains when appropriate. Suggested immunohistochemical panels are described for individual tumour types. |
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Authors:
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Robert E Emerson; Thomas M Ulbright |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Pathology Volume: 42 ISSN: 1465-3931 ISO Abbreviation: Pathology Publication Date: 2010 Jun |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-05-04 Completed Date: 2010-07-26 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0175411 Medline TA: Pathology Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 344-55 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. reemerso@iupui.edu |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Humans Immunohistochemistry Male Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / metabolism*, pathology Testicular Neoplasms / metabolism*, pathology Tumor Markers, Biological / metabolism* |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Tumor Markers, Biological |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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