| Intestinal barrier function: molecular regulation and disease pathogenesis. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 19560575 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The intestinal epithelium is a single-cell layer that constitutes the largest and most important barrier against the external environment. It acts as a selectively permeable barrier, permitting the absorption of nutrients, electrolytes, and water while maintaining an effective defense against intraluminal toxins, antigens, and enteric flora. The epithelium maintains its selective barrier function through the formation of complex protein-protein networks that mechanically link adjacent cells and seal the intercellular space. The protein networks connecting epithelial cells form 3 adhesive complexes: desmosomes, adherens junctions, and tight junctions. These complexes consist of transmembrane proteins that interact extracellularly with adjacent cells and intracellularly with adaptor proteins that link to the cytoskeleton. Over the past decade, there has been increasing recognition of an association between disrupted intestinal barrier function and the development of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. In this review we summarize the evolving understanding of the molecular composition and regulation of intestinal barrier function. We discuss the interactions between innate and adaptive immunity and intestinal epithelial barrier function, as well as the effect of exogenous factors on intestinal barrier function. Finally, we summarize clinical and experimental evidence demonstrating intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction as a major factor contributing to the predisposition to inflammatory diseases, including food allergy, inflammatory bowel diseases, and celiac disease. |
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Authors:
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Katherine R Groschwitz; Simon P Hogan |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology Volume: 124 ISSN: 1097-6825 ISO Abbreviation: J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. Publication Date: 2009 Jul |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2009-06-29 Completed Date: 2009-07-22 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 1275002 Medline TA: J Allergy Clin Immunol Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 3-20; quiz 21-2 Citation Subset: AIM; IM |
Affiliation:
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Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Humans Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / physiopathology* Intercellular Junctions / pathology* Intestinal Mucosa / immunology*, pathology* |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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F30 DK08211/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; R01 AI 073553/AI/NIAID NIH HHS; T32 GM063483/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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