| Interventions for nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20824863 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND: Nausea, retching and vomiting are very commonly experienced by women in early pregnancy. There are considerable physical and psychological effects on women who experience these symptoms. This is an update of a review of interventions for nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy previously published in 2003. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness and safety of all interventions for nausea, vomiting and retching in early pregnancy, up to 20 weeks' gestation. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (28 May 2010). SELECTION CRITERIA: All randomised controlled trials of any intervention for nausea, vomiting and retching in early pregnancy. We excluded trials of interventions for hyperemesis gravidarum which are covered by another review. We also excluded quasi-randomised trials and trials using a crossover design. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Four review authors, in pairs, reviewed the eligibility of trials and independently evaluated the risk of bias and extracted the data for included trials. MAIN RESULTS: Twenty-seven trials, with 4041 women, met the inclusion criteria. These trials covered many interventions, including acupressure, acustimulation, acupuncture, ginger, vitamin B6 and several antiemetic drugs. We identified no studies of dietary or other lifestyle interventions. Evidence regarding the effectiveness of P6 acupressure, auricular (ear) acupressure and acustimulation of the P6 point was limited. Acupuncture (P6 or traditional) showed no significant benefit to women in pregnancy. The use of ginger products may be helpful to women, but the evidence of effectiveness was limited and not consistent. There was only limited evidence from trials to support the use of pharmacological agents including vitamin B6, and anti-emetic drugs to relieve mild or moderate nausea and vomiting. There was little information on maternal and fetal adverse outcomes and on psychological, social or economic outcomes. We were unable to pool findings from studies for most outcomes due to heterogeneity in study participants, interventions, comparison groups, and outcomes measured or reported. The methodological quality of the included studies was mixed. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Given the high prevalence of nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy, health professionals need to provide clear guidance to women, based on systematically reviewed evidence. There is a lack of high-quality evidence to support that advice. The difficulties in interpreting the results of the studies included in this review highlight the need for specific, consistent and clearly justified outcomes and approaches to measurement in research studies. |
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Authors:
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Anne Matthews; Therese Dowswell; David M Haas; Mary Doyle; Dónal P O'Mathúna |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Review Date: 2010-09-08 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Cochrane database of systematic reviews (Online) Volume: - ISSN: 1469-493X ISO Abbreviation: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Publication Date: 2010 |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-09-08 Completed Date: 2010-10-18 Revised Date: 2010-10-21 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 100909747 Medline TA: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: CD007575 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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School of Nursing, Dublin City University, Collins Avenue, Dublin, Ireland, 9. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Acupuncture Therapy
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methods Antiemetics / therapeutic use Female Ginger / chemistry Humans Morning Sickness / etiology, therapy Nausea / etiology, therapy* Phytotherapy / methods Pregnancy Pregnancy Complications / therapy* Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Treatment Outcome Vitamin B 6 / therapeutic use Vitamin B Complex / therapeutic use Vomiting / etiology, therapy* |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Antiemetics; 12001-76-2/Vitamin B Complex; 8059-24-3/Vitamin B 6 |
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