| Interventions for increasing pedestrian and cyclist visibility for the prevention of death and injuries. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 17054171 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND: Pedestrians and cyclists account for nearly one in three of all road users killed and seriously injured in road traffic crashes. Late detection of other road users is one of the basic driver failures responsible for collisions. Aids to improve pedestrians and cyclist visibility have been used to avert potential collisions. However, the impact of these strategies on drivers' responses, and on pedestrian and cyclist safety is not known. OBJECTIVES: 1. To quantify the effect of visibility aids versus no visibility aids, and of different visibility aids on the occurrence of pedestrian and cyclist-motor vehicle collisions and injuries. 2. To quantify the effect of visibility aids versus no visibility aids, and of different visibility aids on drivers' detection and recognition responses. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the CENTRAL, the Cochrane Injuries Group specialised register, MEDLINE, TRANSPORT, National Research Register, PsycInfo and PsycLit. We searched the reference lists of included trials, contacted authors and searched the websites of relevant transport research organisations. The searches were last updated in April 2005. SELECTION CRITERIA: 1. Randomised controlled trials and controlled before-and-after studies of the effect of visibility aids on the occurrence of pedestrian and cyclist-motor collisions and injuries. 2. Randomised controlled trials of the effect of visibility aids on drivers' detection and recognition responses. This included trials where the order of presentation of visibility aids was randomised or balanced using a Latin square design. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently screened records, extracted data and assessed trial quality. MAIN RESULTS: We found no trials assessing the effect of visibility aids on pedestrian and cyclist-motor vehicle collisions and injuries. We identified 39 trials assessing the effect of visibility aids on drivers' responses. Fluorescent materials in yellow, red and orange colours improve detection and recognition in the daytime. For night-time visibility, lamps, flashing lights and retroreflective materials in red and yellow colours increase detection and recognition. Retroreflective materials arranged in a 'biomotion' configuration also enhance recognition. Substantial heterogeneity between and within the trials limited the possibility for meta-analysis. Summary statistics and descriptive summaries of the outcomes were presented for individual trials when appropriate. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Visibility aids have the potential to increase visibility and enable drivers to detect pedestrians and cyclists earlier. Public acceptability of these strategies would merit further development. However, the effect of visibility aids on pedestrian and cyclist safety remains unknown. Studies which collect data on simple, meaningful outcomes are required. |
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Authors:
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I Kwan; J Mapstone |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Review Date: 2006-10-18 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Cochrane database of systematic reviews (Online) Volume: - ISSN: 1469-493X ISO Abbreviation: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Publication Date: 2006 |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2006-10-20 Completed Date: 2007-01-19 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 100909747 Medline TA: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: CD003438 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Royal College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists, National Collaborating Centre For Women's and Children's Health, 27 Sussex Place, Regent's Park, London, UK. ikwan@rcog.org.uk |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Accidents, Traffic
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mortality,
prevention & control* Bicycling* / injuries Clothing Color Fluorescence Humans Lighting Protective Devices Safety* Time Factors |
| Comments/Corrections | |
Update Of:
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Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2002;(2):CD003438
[PMID:
12076481
]
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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