| Interactions of cnidarian toxins with the immune system. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21824078 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Cnidarians comprise four classes of toxic marine animals: Anthozoa, Cubozoa, Scyphozoa and Hydrozoa. They are the largest and probably the oldest phylum of toxic marine animals. Any contact with a cnidarian, especially the box jellyfish (Chironex fleckeri), can be fatal, but most cnidarians do not possess sufficiently strong venomous apparatus to penetrate the human skin, whereas others rarely come into contact with human beings. Only a small, almost negligible percentage of the vast wealth of cnidarian toxins has been studied in detail. Many polypeptide cnidarian toxins are immunogenic, and cross-reactivity between several jellyfish venoms has been reported. Cnidarians also possess components of innate immunity, and some of those components have been preserved in evolution. On the other hand, cnidarian toxins have already been used for the design of immunotoxins to treat cancer, whereas other cnidarian toxins can modulate the immune system in mammals, including man. This review will focus on a short overview of cnidarian toxins, on the innate immunity of cnidarians, and on the mode of action of cnidarian toxins which can modulate the immune system in mammals. Emphasis is palced on those toxins which block voltage activated potassium channels in the cells of the immune system. |
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Authors:
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Dusan Suput |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Inflammation & allergy drug targets Volume: 10 ISSN: 2212-4055 ISO Abbreviation: Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets Publication Date: 2011 Oct |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-08-23 Completed Date: 2011-12-22 Revised Date: 2012-03-13 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101266886 Medline TA: Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets Country: United Arab Emirates |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 429-37 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia. dusan.suput@mf.uni-lj.si |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Calcium Channel Blockers / immunology*, pharmacology, therapeutic use Cnidaria / immunology* Cnidarian Venoms / immunology*, pharmacology, therapeutic use Drug Discovery / trends Humans Immunity, Innate Immunomodulation Immunotoxins / immunology*, pharmacology, therapeutic use Mammals Neoplasms / drug therapy*, immunology Protein Engineering |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Calcium Channel Blockers; 0/Cnidarian Venoms; 0/Immunotoxins |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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