| Intact neurogenesis is required for benefits of exercise on spatial memory but not motor performance or contextual fear conditioning in C57BL/6J mice. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 18664375 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The mammalian hippocampus continues to generate new neurons throughout life. Experiences such as exercise, anti-depressants, and stress regulate levels of neurogenesis. Exercise increases adult hippocampal neurogenesis and enhances behavioral performance on rotarod, contextual fear and water maze in rodents. To directly test whether intact neurogenesis is required for gains in behavioral performance from exercise in C57BL/6J mice, neurogenesis was reduced using focal gamma irradiation (3 sessions of 5 Gy). Two months after treatment, mice (total n=42 males and 42 females) (Irradiated or Sham), were placed with or without running wheels (Runner or Sedentary) for 54 days. The first 10 days mice received daily injections of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) to label dividing cells. The last 14 days mice were tested on water maze (two trials per day for 5 days, then 1 h later probe test), rotarod (four trials per day for 3 days), and contextual fear conditioning (2 days), then measured for neurogenesis using immunohistochemical detection of BrdU and neuronal nuclear protein (NeuN) mature neuronal marker. Consistent with previous studies, in Sham animals, running increased neurogenesis fourfold and gains in performance were observed for the water maze (spatial learning and memory), rotarod (motor performance), and contextual fear (conditioning). These positive results provided the reference to determine whether gains in performance were blocked by irradiation. Irradiation reduced neurogenesis by 50% in both groups, Runner and Sedentary. Irradiation did not affect running or baseline performance on any task. Minimal changes in microglia associated with inflammation (using immunohistochemical detection of cd68) were detected at the time of behavioral testing. Irradiation did not reduce gains in performance on rotarod or contextual fear, however it eliminated gain in performance on the water maze. Results support the hypothesis that intact exercise-induced hippocampal neurogenesis is required for improved spatial memory, but not motor performance or contextual fear in C57BL/6J mice. |
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Authors:
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P J Clark; W J Brzezinska; M W Thomas; N A Ryzhenko; S A Toshkov; J S Rhodes |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2008-07-01 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Neuroscience Volume: 155 ISSN: 0306-4522 ISO Abbreviation: Neuroscience Publication Date: 2008 Sep |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2008-09-02 Completed Date: 2009-02-06 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7605074 Medline TA: Neuroscience Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 1048-58 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Psychology, The Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Analysis of Variance Animals Antigens, CD / metabolism Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / metabolism Behavior, Animal / drug effects Brain / pathology, radiation effects Bromodeoxyuridine / metabolism Cell Proliferation* / radiation effects Conditioning (Psychology) / physiology*, radiation effects Fear* / radiation effects Female Male Maze Learning / physiology*, radiation effects Mice Mice, Inbred C57BL Motor Activity / physiology*, radiation effects Neuroglia / cytology, physiology Neurons / cytology, physiology* Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / metabolism Physical Conditioning, Animal / methods* Radiation Injuries / pathology, physiopathology, rehabilitation Reaction Time / physiology, radiation effects Time Factors |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Antigens, CD; 0/Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; 0/CD68 antigen, human; 59-14-3/Bromodeoxyuridine; EC 4.2.1.11/Phosphopyruvate Hydratase |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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