| Innate immunity in acute HIV-1 infection. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21734567 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Acute HIV-1 infection (AHI) is composed of the eclipse phase, during which the transmitted virus struggles to avoid eradication and achieve amplification/spread; the expansion phase when virus disseminates and undergoes exponential replication associated with extensive CD4⁺ T-cell destruction; and the containment phase when set-point levels of viremia and immune activation are established. The importance of interactions between HIV-1 and innate responses in determining events throughout AHI is increasingly recognized, and is reviewed here. RECENT FINDINGS: During the eclipse phase, HIV-1 subverts dendritic cell functions to promote its replication at mucosal sites and employs multiple strategies to minimize control by type 1 interferons. Systemic virus dissemination is associated with widespread activation of innate responses which fuels HIV-1 replication. To minimize the protective effects of innate responses, HIV-1 resists control by natural killer cells and may impair innate regulation of adaptive responses. Innate responses remain chronically activated after HIV-1 containment which is thought to drive HIV-1 pathogenesis. SUMMARY: Innate responses are pivotal determinants of events at all stages of AHI. Increased understanding of mechanisms involved in innate control of HIV-1 and pathways regulating innate activation during HIV-1 infection could facilitate development of novel approaches to combating this infection. |
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Authors:
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Persephone Borrow |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Current opinion in HIV and AIDS Volume: 6 ISSN: 1746-6318 ISO Abbreviation: Curr Opin HIV AIDS Publication Date: 2011 Sep |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-08-09 Completed Date: 2011-12-02 Revised Date: 2012-01-26 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101264945 Medline TA: Curr Opin HIV AIDS Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 353-63 Citation Subset: IM; X |
Affiliation:
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Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. persephone.borrow@ndm.ox.ac.uk |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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HIV Infections
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immunology*,
virology* HIV-1 / immunology*, pathogenicity* Humans Immunity, Innate* |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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U01 AI067854-06/AI/NIAID NIH HHS |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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