| Innate immune dysfunction in inflammatory bowel disease. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22211868 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The pathogenetic mechanisms that cause the two types of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are still under investigation. Nevertheless, there is broad agreement that luminal microbes are of particular relevance in the development of these conditions. In recent years, increasing evidence has shown that defects in the innate immunity are at the centre of both types of IBD. The innate intestinal barrier is provided by the epithelium which secretes antimicrobial peptides (so-called defensins) that are retained in the mucus layer. In ileal CD, the alpha-defensins are lacking due to several Paneth cell defects. In colonic CD, the expression of beta-defensins is inadequate. This may be related to downregulation of the transcription factor PPAR-gamma and in some cohorts is associated with a reduced HBD2 gene copy number. In UC, the mucus layer, which protects the host from the enormous amounts of luminal microbes, is defective. This is accompanied by an insufficient differentiation from intestinal stem cells towards goblet cells. All these disturbances in the gut barrier shift the balance from epithelial defence towards bacterial offense. The current treatment of CD and UC is based on suppression of this secondary inflammatory process. In future, patients may benefit from new therapeutic approaches stimulating the protective innate immune system. |
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Authors:
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M Gersemann; J Wehkamp; Ef Stange |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-12-30 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of internal medicine Volume: - ISSN: 1365-2796 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Dec |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-1-3 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8904841 Medline TA: J Intern Med Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright © 2011 The Association for the Publication of the Journal of Internal Medicine. |
Affiliation:
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Department of Internal Medicine I, Robert Bosch Hospital, Stuttgart, Germany Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart and University of Tübingen, Germany. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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