| The Influence of Sex, Race/Ethnicity, and Educational Attainment on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Death Rates Among Adults, 1993-2007. | |
| | |
MedLine Citation:
|
PMID: 23045164 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
|
BACKGROUND Overall declines in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) mortality may mask patterns for subgroups, and prior studies of disparities in mortality have used area-level vs individual-level socioeconomic status measures. The aim of this study was to examine temporal trends in HIV mortality by sex, race/ethnicity, and individual level of education (as a proxy for socioeconomic status). METHODS We examined HIV deaths among non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, and Hispanic men and women aged 25 to 64 years in 26 states (1993-2007; N = 91 307) reported to the National Vital Statistics System. The main outcome measures were age-standardized HIV death rates, rate differences, and rate ratios by educational attainment and between the least- and the most-educated (≤12 vs ≥16 years) individuals. RESULTS Between 1993-1995 and 2005-2007, mortality declined for most men and women by race/ethnicity and educational levels, with the greatest absolute decreases for nonwhites owing to their higher baseline rates. Among men with the most education, rates per 100 000 population decreased from 117.89 (95% CI, 101.08-134.70) to 15.35 (12.08-18.62) in blacks vs from 26.42 (24.93-27.92) to 1.79 (1.50-2.08) in whites. Rates were unchanged for the least-educated black women (26.76; 95% CI, 24.30-29.23; during 2005-2007) and remained high for similarly educated black men (52.71; 48.96-56.45). Relative declines were greater with increasing levels of education (P < .001), resulting in widening disparities. Among men, the disparity rate ratio (comparing the least and the most educated) increased from 1.04 (95% CI, 0.89-1.21) during 1993-1995 to 3.43 (2.74-4.30) during 2005-2007 for blacks and from 0.98 (0.91-1.05) to 2.82 (2.34-3.40) for whites. CONCLUSION Although absolute declines in HIV mortality were greatest for nonwhites, rates remain high among blacks, especially in the lowest educated groups, underscoring the need for additional interventions. |
| | |
Authors:
|
Edgar P Simard; Mesfin Fransua; Deepa Naishadham; Ahmedin Jemal |
Related Documents
:
|
1727204 - Passive smoking and the risk of heart disease. 7435494 - The relationship between maternal smoking and the incidence of congenital anomalies. 17223144 - Smoking habits and associated factors among greek physicians. 23071484 - Intoxication before last sexual intercourse and hiv risk behavior among men and women i... 16117754 - Disparities in osteoporosis screening between at-risk african-american and white women. 22541024 - Expression of the t regulatory cell transcription factor foxp3 in peri-implantation pha... |
Publication Detail:
|
Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2012-10-8 |
Journal Detail:
|
Title: Archives of internal medicine Volume: - ISSN: 1538-3679 ISO Abbreviation: Arch. Intern. Med. Publication Date: 2012 Oct |
Date Detail:
|
Created Date: 2012-10-9 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
|
Nlm Unique ID: 0372440 Medline TA: Arch Intern Med Country: - |
Other Details:
|
Languages: ENG Pagination: 1-8 Citation Subset: - |
Export Citation:
|
APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
|
|
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
Previous Document: Elliptical subject-specific model of respiratory motion for cardiac MRI.
Next Document: Impact of calcium and vitamin D insufficiencies on serum parathyroid hormone and bone mineral densit...